ERP's Flashcards
N170
Peak Latency: ~170 ms (130-200)
Highest Amplitudes over: posterior temporal sites
Neural generators:
Larger in amplitude and longer in latency to inverted than to upright faces. Gets to N170 by 13-14 years.
Grossman2007
N290
Infant homologue of N170
(350 ms at 3 months to 290 at 12 months) Grossman2007
P3a (Novelty P3)
Peak Latency: 250-280 ms
Highest Amplitudes over: Frontal/central electrode sites
Associated with brain activity related to the engagement of attention (especially orienting and involuntary shifts to changes in the environment) and the processing of novelty. (Wiki)
P3b
Peak Latency: ~300 ms (250-500)
Highest Amplitudes over: Parietal brain areas
Generally speaking, improbable events will elicit a P3b, and the less probable the event, the larger the P3b but events must be task-relevant. The P3b can also be used to measure how demanding a task is on cognitive workload. (Wiki)
ERN (Ne)
Peak Latency: 80-150 ms(40-80 after onset of EMG activity)
Highest Amplitudes over: Frontal and central electrode sites
Neural Generators: ACC
A robust ERN component is observed after errors are committed during various choice tasks, even when the participant is not explicitly aware of making the error;[1] however, in the case of unconscious errors the ERN is reduced. An ERN is also observed when non-human primates commit errors. (Wiki)
FRN (fERN)
Peak Latency: 200-400 ms
Highest Amplitudes over: Frontocentral cites
Neural Generators: ACC
A negative ERP deflection occuring after negative as opposed to positive feedback. Reflects neural processes which share many characteristics with prediction errors. (Cohen 2007)
Citations:
Cohen, M. X., & Ranganath, C. (2007). Reinforcement learning signals predict future decisions. The Journal of Neuroscience, 27(2), 371-378.
Schurger, A., Sitt, J. D., & Dehaene, S. (2012). An accumulator model for spontaneous neural activity prior to self-initiated movement. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 109(42), E2904-E2913.
LRP - Research More
Peak Latency: -300ms or more (depending on task, time-locked to EMG)
Thought to reflect the preparation of motor activity on a certain side of the body. It is a special form of bereitschaftspotential (a general pre-motor potential).
Generally, the amplitude of the lateralization effect is thought to represent the amount of differential response preparation elicited by the cue or warning stimulus. Indeed, the presence of an LRP following a neutral cue (one that provides no information about hand) can be used to determine whether or not subjects are guessing.
(Schurger et al, 2012)
C1
Peak Latency: 65-90 ms
Peak Amplitude over: Occipital areas
Neural Generators: V1/Striate Cortex (Calcarine Sulcus)
It was the first component in a series of components found to respond to visual stimuli when it was first discovered. It can be a negative-going component or a positive going component. Will be positive if stimuli is in lower visual field and negative if it’s in the upper visual field. Related to processing of visual stimuli. Typically found to be invariable to different levels of attention. (Wiki, C1 and P1)
P1
Peak Latency: 100ms
Peak Amplitude over: Occipital areas
Neural Generators: Extrastriate Cortex
Called the P1 because it is the first positive-going component/peak ~100 ms. Can be modulated by attention.
N1
Peak Latency: 150-250 ms
Peak amplitude: Most recording sites, but appears first over frontal than posterior regions.
Neural Generators: Difficult, but occipito-parietal, occipito-temporal, and possibly frontal.
Main Paradigm: Filtering and Spatial Cuing
Negative going visual evoked component that can be modulated by attention. Used predominantly to study selective attention.
Difference due to memory (Dm)
Peak Latency: 400-800 ms
Peak Amplitude over: Centro-parietal areas
Standard Paradigm: Subsequent Memory Paradigm
Related to P300. Indexes differences in neural activity during the study phase of an experiment for items that subsequently are remembered compared to items that are later forgotten.
N200 (N2)
Peak Latency: 200-350ms
Peak Amplitude over: Anterior areas
Main Paradigm: Eriksen flanker task (N200 seen on incompatible trials) and Go/No-Go (Seen on no-go trials)
Several sub components.
Past research focused on the N200 as a mismatch detector, but it has also been found to reflect executive cognitive control functions, and has recently been used in the study of language. Sensitive to time pressure. Related to mental need to control incorrect response preparation.
(Wiki, N200)
N2a (Auditory MMN)
Peak Amplitude over: Anterior scalp distribution for auditory stimuli
Neural Generators: Auditory cortical region, frontal lobe, and possibly hippocampus(?)
Main paradigms: Auditory oddball and go/no-go with behavior response.
Attention not required. Responsible for detection of novely or mismatch to the attended stimuli. Believed to reflect deviation from stimulus and remembered prototypical stimulus. Automatic novelty sensing process.
(Wiki, N200)
N2b
Peak Amplitude over: Central scalp distribution for auditory and visual stimuli
Neural Generators: ACC,, frontal and superior temporal cortex
Main paradigms: Oddball, flanker, Go/No-Go, Stop Signal
Observed along with P3a. Requires conscious stimulus attention. Related to response inhibition, response conflict, and error monitoring. Perceptual novelty.
(Wiki, N200)
