Erosional Processes Flashcards
what is a marine process
marine processes are to do with waves and processes that happen alone the coastline , for example longshore drift , erosion and deposition
subarial processes
subaerial processes are ones that are ones that are land based but still alter and change the coastline shape , for example weathering and mass movement
what part of a cliff does subaerial and marine processes affect
subaerial = cliff top and cliff face marine = cliff foot
what is erosion
the wearing away and removal of material
what is transport to do with erosion
the carrying of eroded particles from one location to another
what is detachment to do with erosion
the separation of particles from the parent material (cliff)
what is entrainment to do with erosion
the picking up of eroded particles to enable transportation to take place
what are the 3 geomorphological processes happen at the coast
erosion , weathering , mass movement
what is cavitation
the collapse of bubbles that have formed within moving water, releasing energy that exerts a force against rock like a hammer blow
what is attrition
the erosion of material being transported by the sea , this makes the material smaller and more rounded
what is abrasion/corrasion
this is the grinding away of rock or cliffs as smaller materials are transported by waves and thrown at them
what is abrasion also known as
the sandpapering effect
what is hydraulic action
the transportation and removal of loosened chunks of rock by waves as they retreat back into the sea
what is the process of hydraulic action
when air is forced into the cracks in rocks by breaking waves which has an explosive effect and breaks the rock away
what is wave pounding
the repeated force of waves breaking against cliffs , this breaks away the rock
what is wave quarrying
this is where breaking waves force air into gaps into rocks , putting pressure into it which causes the rocks to be removed
what is corrosion/solution
the dissolving of rock and sediment by chemicals in the sea water
where is corrosion/solution most effective
in warmer water
why does high wind speed mean that more erosion will take place
high wind speed will create waves with more energy , that increases erosion rates
why does a longer fetch increase erosion
longer fetch means that waves have a longer distance to gain more energy , waves with more energy erode more
what is an example of a hard/resistant rock
granite
what is an example of soft/ less resistant rock
clay
what are 3 things that suggest why some erosional processes are more and less effective than others
fetch , wind speed , geology
what type of erosion doesn’t directly affect a cliff
attrition
