Erosion and Transportation Flashcards
What is erosion
The gradual removal of rock from river banks or bed
4 types of erosion
- CorrAsion/Abrasion
- Attrition
- Solution/CorrOsion
- Hydraulic Action
CorrAsion/Abrasion
Bed/Banks worn down by the rivers load when they are thrown at the banks/bed at high velocity
Attrition
When materials carried by the river hit each other and are Smoothed/Broken down into smaller particles
Solution/CorrOsion
Chemicals in the rivers water dissolve the rock of the rivers banks and bed
Hydraulic Action
Water hitting the banks and bed at high velocity thus breaking them down
Lateral Erosion
Erosion to the banks (Sideways) of the river, making it wider
Vertical Erosion
The eroding of the river bed making the river deeper
4 factors effecting a rivers Erosion
- Gradient of the river<> A steep gradient allows gravity to act on the water pulling it into the rock faster and harder.
- Rock Resistance<> Softer rocks erode faster than harder rocks.
- Velocity<> The higher the rivers velocity, the more sediment can be carried and therefore erosion occurs more often.
- Discharge<> The higher the discharge, the more power the water has.
Landforms created by Erosion
- V Shaped Valley
- Waterfalls and Gorges
- Meanders
- Ox Bow lakes
- Interlocking spurs
Capacity
Maximum load a river can carry at one moment in time (overall mass of the load)
Competence
Largest material a river can carry/move
4 types of Transportation
- Solution
- Suspension
- Saltation
- Traction
Solution
Minerals dissolved in the water and carried along as a solution
Suspension
Fine, light materials carried along in clouds in water
