Erosion

Question 1

erosion

Answer 1

In earth science, erosion is the action of surface processes that removes soil, rock, or dissolved material from one location on the Earth’s crust, and then transport it away to another location

Question 2

weathering

Answer 2

Weathering is the breaking down of rocks, soil, and minerals as well as wood and artificial materials through contact with the Earth’s atmosphere, waters, and biological organisms

Question 3

water cycle

Answer 3

The water cycle, also known as the hydrological cycle or the hydrologic cycle, describes the continuous movement of water on, above and below the surface of the Earth.

Question 4

evaporation

Answer 4

Evaporation is a type of vaporization of a liquid that occurs from the surface of a liquid into a gaseous phase that is not saturated with the evaporating substance

Question 5

condensation

Answer 5

Condensation is the change of the physical state of matter from gas phase into liquid phase, and is the reverse of evaporation. The word most often refers to the water cycle

Question 6

precipitation

Answer 6

In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity. The main forms of precipitation include drizzle, rain, sleet, snow, graupel and hail

Question 7

percolation

Answer 7

Percolation is the process of a liquid slowly passing through a filter. It’s how coffee is usually made. Percolation comes from the Latin word percolare, which means “to strain through.” Percolation happens when liquid is strained through a filter, like when someone makes coffee.

Question 8

runoff

Answer 8

Definition of runoff for English Language Learners. : an additional race, contest, or election that is held because an earlier one has not resulted in a winner. : water from rain or snow that flows over the surface of the ground into streams.

Question 9

tributary

Answer 9

a river or stream flowing into a larger river or lake.

Question 10

watershed

Answer 10

an area or ridge of land that separates waters flowing to different rivers, basins, or seas.

Question 11

continental divide

Answer 11

The Continental Divide of the Americas is the principal, and largely mountainous, hydrological divide of the Americas

Question 12

deposition

Answer 12

the action of deposing someone, especially a monarch.

Question 13

delta

Answer 13

a nearly flat plain of alluvial deposit between diverging branches of the mouth of a river, often, though not necessarily, triangular: the Nile delta. 7. (usually initial capital letter) a word used in communications to represent the letter D

Question 14

alluvial fan

Answer 14

An alluvial plain is a largely flat landform created by the deposition of sediment over a long period of time by one or more rivers coming from highland regions, from which alluvial soil forms

Question 15

floodplain

Answer 15

A floodplain or flood plain is an area of land adjacent to a stream or river which stretches from the banks of its channel to the base of the enclosing valley walls and which experiences flooding during periods of high discharge.

Question 16

water table

Answer 16

The water table is the upper surface of the zone of saturation. The zone of saturation is where the pores and fractures of the ground are saturated with water.

Question 17

sewage treatment plants

Answer 17

Sewage treatment is the process of removing contaminants from wastewater, primarily from household sewage. Physical, chemical, and biological processes are used to remove contaminants and produce treated wastewater that is safer for the environment.

Question 18

septic tank

Answer 18

A septic tank is a chamber made of concrete, fiberglass, PVC or plastic, through which domestic wastewater flows for primary treatment. Settling and anaerobic processes reduce solids and organics, but the treatment is only moderate

Question 19

sea stacks

Answer 19

a chimney, especially one on a factory, or a vertical exhaust pipe on a vehicle.

Question 20

sea arches

Answer 20

A sea arch is a natural opening eroded out of a cliff face by marine processes. Some arches appear to have developed from surge channels, which are created by wave refraction causing the focussing of wave fronts on the side of a headland.

Question 21

sea caves

Answer 21

A sea cave, also known as a littoral cave, is a type of cave formed primarily by the wave action of the sea. The primary process involved is erosion

Question 22

wave-cut terraces

Answer 22

A wave-cut platform, coastal benches, or wave-cut benches is the narrow flat area often found at the base of a sea cliff or along the shoreline of a lake, bay, or sea that was created by the weathering of land.

Question 23

headlands

Answer 23

a narrow piece of land that projects from a coastline into the sea.

Question 24

beach

Answer 24

a pebbly or sandy shore, especially by the ocean between high- and low-water marks.

Question 25

glacier

Answer 25

A glacier is a persistent body of dense ice that is constantly moving under its own weight; it forms where the accumulation of snow exceeds its ablation over many years, often centuries

Question 26

glacial drift

Answer 26

In geology, drift is the name for all material of glacial origin found anywhere on land or at sea, including sediment and large rocks (glacial erratic). Glacial origin refers to erosion, transportation and deposition by glaciers. In the UK the term ‘drift’ is commonly used to describe any deposits of Quaternary age.

Question 27

till

Answer 27

Glacial drift is the coarsely graded and extremely heterogeneous sediment of a glacier; till is the part of glacial drift deposited directly by the glacier. Its content may vary from clays to mixtures of clay, sand, gravel, and boulders.

Question 28

stratified drift

Answer 28

Kame: a mound-like hill of ice-contact stratified drift. Kames are formed when sediments lodged in crevasses in or on the surface of stagnant ice are deposited when the ice melts away. Kettle: a round basin created by the melting of a block of ice buried within glacial drift.