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Persuasion > Erin Lovejoy > Flashcards

Erin Lovejoy Flashcards

Test 1

1
Q

Doxa

A

Dominant Belief

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2
Q

Orthodoxy

A

Shared/ Common belief, limited change

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3
Q

Liberal Arts (Trivium)

A

Grammar, Logic, and Rhetoric

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4
Q

Praxis

A

Involves knowledge of the subject matter, knowledge of the human psyche, and a political awareness within the constraints of materially determined conditions
Putting theory into action

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5
Q

“Will to liberation”

A

The humanistic act of breaking down normative beliefs and values that deprive us of our potential to grow as individuals and as a society
There is no reality so reified, no system of thought so impenetrable, no political regime so enriched that it cannot be overcome by the human will to freedom, the will to overcome ones self and the limitations of one’s society

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6
Q

Creative Democracy

A

One in which diversity of ideas and meaningful participation of all groups in forming civic and political life is understood as an essential aspect

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7
Q

Guardianship theory of democracy (epistemarchy)

A

Knowledge and what is good, “right,” and “just” are accessible only by certain groups and not others
This vision requires a communication of hope and resistance to dominating and oppressing ideologies and practices, including those embedded in commercial messages

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8
Q

Cosmopolitanism

A

An escape “from the comfort of local truths, from the warm nestling feeling of patriotism, from the absorbing drama of pride in oneself and one’s own

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9
Q

Study of Persuasion serves for citizens in a free society- Swartz
1. Instrumental Value

A

It helps us to become more effective co-creators of our lives. Persuasion is the way social creation occurs and the way things get done

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10
Q

Study of Persuasion serves for citizens in a free society- Swartz
2. Knowledge and Information

A

Function as those creations become codified and incorporated into human practice

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11
Q

Study of Persuasion serves for citizens in a free society- Swartz
3. Control

A

As we come to define the world we place a sense of order upon it. Such order is the mechanism by which control is conceptualized

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12
Q

Study of Persuasion serves for citizens in a free society- Swartz
4. Defense

A

Defense (or reform/ change) function or debunking function. With this function, persuasion circles back on itself; its creation can always be questioned, allowing the process of signification to begin anew

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13
Q

Epistemology

A

The study of knowing; it is the attempt by philosophers to address the question of how is it that we know.

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14
Q

Corax Definition of Rhetoric

A

Defines the rhetor as an “artificer or producer of persuasion”

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15
Q

Aristotle Definition of Rhetoric

A

The faculty of discovering all of the available means of persuasion in a given instance

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16
Q

Plato definition of Rhetoric

A

“Art of flattery,” which he adds, is no art at all

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17
Q

Quintilian definition of rhetoric

A

“The good man speaking well”

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18
Q

Burke definition of rhetoric

A

“The use of language as a symbolic means of inducing cooperation in beings that by nature respond to symbols” (Emphasizes “identification” as the key term for rhetoric)

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19
Q

Richards definition of rhetoric

A

“The art by which discourse is adapted to its ends” The study of rhetoric is a “study of misunderstanding and its remedies”

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20
Q

Bryant definition of Rhetoric

A

Rhetoric has the “function of adjusting ideas to people and people to ideas.”

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21
Q

John Dewey’s view of “critical consciousness” and its relationship between “liberation and deliberation”

A

Liberation is the self realization of a person developed through the process of contributing to a common good
Peoples self realization could be achieved through the process of mutual inquiry, communication, and the moral development that accompanies such communion with others
We should seek liberation from the limitations of a limited world view

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22
Q

Public Amnesia

A

Events and actions once part of public discourse that, while bearing on a contemporary crisis, are not recalled

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23
Q

Theory of repeated exposure

A

The more we experience things in our environment, the more natural they become

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24
Q

Naturalization

A

When people talk about things long enough they assume they always existed

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25
Q

John Dewey’s view of “critical consciousness” and its relationship between “liberation and deliberation”

A

Liberation is the self realization of a person developed through the process of contributing to a common good
Peoples self realization could be achieved through the process of mutual inquiry, communication, and the moral development that accompanies such communion with others
We should seek liberation from the limitations of a limited world view

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26
Q

Greenwashing

A

Disinformation disseminated by an organization so as to present an environmentally responsible public image

27
Q

Food Stylists

A

Professional artists who express themselves commercially using food as their medium of expression

28
Q

Epideictic Discourse

A

Discourse that attempts to reinforce common values in a community

29
Q

Aristotle says that rhetoric is amoral

A

Persuasion is neither good or bad. It is simply the way that people work in the world

30
Q

Open Societys

A

Those that allow decent/ opposing truth

Government is expected to be responsive and tolerant

31
Q

Closed Societys

A

Authoritarian/ univocability

Closed system of law/ religion

32
Q

Open and Closed Societys

A

Relevant characteristics as opposed to authoritarianism

33
Q

Symbol

A

A representation of an object, word, idea, etc. that is not the word itself
Words have multiple meanings that can effect a persuasive argument

34
Q

Proper Meaning Superstition

A

A false belief about words

Every word has one true meaning or definition- IA Richards

35
Q

Liberal Arts

A

Academic disciplines that inclue the sciences and the humanities.

36
Q

Trivium (Liberal Arts)

A

Grammar, Logic, and Rhetoric

37
Q

Creative Democracy

A

One in which diversity of ideas and meaningful participation of all groups in forming civic and political life is understood as an essential aspect

38
Q

Doxa

A

Dominant Belief

39
Q

Orthodoxy

A

Shared/ common belief- limited change

40
Q

Praxis

A

Involves knowledge of the subject matter, knowledge of the human psyche, and a political awareness within the constraints of materially determined conditions

41
Q

“Power” in Athenian democracy

A

Trained in the art of persuasion

42
Q

Telos

A

The ends in which something strives, its locomotion

43
Q

Values

A

Fundamental and deeply rooted beliefs that we have regarding ideal states of existence and ways of acting that motivate us ti think

44
Q

Attitude

A

“A learned predisposition to respond in a consistently favorable or unfavorable manner with respect to an object

45
Q

Instrumental values

A

Traits of our character that help us achieve those conditions
EX: Ambition, imagination, reasonability, and self control

46
Q

Terminal values

A

EX: Comfort, security, and freedom

End states we hope to achieve in our lives

47
Q

Co-active Persuasion

A

Efforts of communication that emphasizes similarities of between the persuader and persuadee

48
Q

Persuasion

A

Communicative effort that can exist, theoretically, in a paradigm state

49
Q

Persuasion- Suasory Discourse

A

An attempt by a person to encourage another to move, cognitively and freely, from one mental position, to a different one, so as to affect, ultimately, that persons behavior

50
Q

Three Types of Persuasive Messages

1. Interpersonal

A

Involves at least 2 persons in the interaction, but can involve many others

51
Q

Three Types of Persuasive

2. Public

A

Here we reveal ourselves. Our thoughts and feelings become more pronounced and clear. Our subjectivities start to become animated

52
Q

Three Types of Persuasive

3. Mass

A

Self disclosure is always an invitation for the audience to let down its guard, and thus must be undertaken responsibly by the ethical persuader

53
Q

Saliency

A

Messages from relational partners, people we know and trust are more important and have a sense of urgency than do persuasive messages embedded in ads, commercials, political rhetoric, and sales presentations

54
Q

Listening Skill Clusters

1. Attending Skills

A

Posturing of the persuaders body so that it is physically coordinated with the body of the audience

55
Q

Listening Skill Clusters

2. Following Skills

A

Ways that the audience has of encouraging certain types of behaviors from the speaker or communicator

56
Q

Listening Skill Clusters

3. Reflecting Skills

A

Necessary for the communication dialectic and for responsible persuasion, involve paraphrasing, statements reciprocating emotional commitment and commitment to the “meaning” being constructed

57
Q

Agenda Setting

A

The press and the media do not reflect the world as we find it, as does a mirror; rather, the media filters and shapes it

58
Q

Asch’s Study on Perception

A

Conducted “vision tests” and showed a room full of people a series of lines on a board. Were told to match between the ones on the board and a second one. All of the people except one were working for Asch.

59
Q

Aschs Reactions

Distortion of Perception

A

A few subjects who yielded to the distorted views of the group but were not aware that they had done so rather “they came to perceive the majority estimates as correct.”

60
Q

Aschs Reactions

Distortion of Judgement

A

These subjects suffer from primary doubt and lack of confidence; on the basis they feel a strong tendency to join the majority

61
Q

Aschs Reactions

Distortion of Action

A

Yield because of an overmastering need not to appear different from or inferior to others, because of an inability tolerate the appearance of defectiveness in the eyes of the group

62
Q

Cooperative Competition

A

An oxymoron that discusses how people have similar goals. But compete in order to achieve it, such as venting

63
Q

Edward Bernays

A

Early public relations pioneer, believed in “enlightened social manipulation”
The critical imagination involves creating our place in response to theirs; our space for constructing a fair and just world out of poverty and degradation that power alien to us has created

64
Q

Dialectic

A

The art of investigating or discussing the truth of opinions

Persuasion (2 decks)

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