Eriksson chapter 1,2,3,4 & Drucker Flashcards
What is the main focus of organizational theory?
It studies how organizations function, including structures, processes, and behaviors.
Example: A company analyzing its hierarchy to improve efficiency.
What does the human relations perspective emphasize?
Employee well-being and motivation. Example: Implementing team-building activities to improve morale.
What is institutional theory?
Organizations follow societal norms and expectations to gain legitimacy. Example: Companies adopting environmental policies to maintain public trust.
What is organizational culture?
Shared values, beliefs, and behaviors within an organization. Example: A startup encouraging open communication and innovation.
How do organizations adapt to external environments?
Through strategies like differentiation, diversification, and collaboration.
Example: A retail brand expanding into e-commerce.
What is organizational structure?
The system that defines roles, responsibilities, and relationships.
Example: A company having departments like HR, Marketing, and Sales.
How does organizational structure affect decision-making?
It defines authority levels and centralization. Example: A highly centralized company has top-down decision-making.
What is machine bureaucracy?
A highly formalized and specialized structure with centralized decision-making.
Example: A government agency with strict procedures.
What are the six structural dimensions of organizations?
Specialization, standardization, formalization, centralization, configuration, and flexibility.
Example: A hospital groups units by specialization like neurology and cardiology.
What are the seven sources of innovation according to Drucker?
Unexpected events, incongruities, process needs, industry changes, demographics, perception changes, and new knowledge.
Example: The rise of health-conscious consumers leading to a boom in organic products.
What is differentiation in organizational design?
The variation in managerial goals, structures, and interpersonal styles across departments.
Example: The marketing team focusing on creativity while the finance team emphasizes precision.
