Erick Erickson Flashcards
Name all stages
- Trust Mistrust 0-1.5 hope
- Autonomy shame and doubt 1.5-3 will
- Initiative guilt 3 -5 purpose
- Industry Inferiority 5-11 confidence
- Identity confusion 12-19 fidelity
- Intimacy isolation 19-29 love
- Generation Stagnation 30 - 64 care
- Integrity Despair 64 - death wisdom
What is Erickson’s theory?
Erickson believed that development occurred in stages all throughout one’s life. In each stage, Erickson believed people experience a conflict that serves as a turning point in development. These conflicts are centred on either developing a psychological quality or failing to develop that quality. The success of one stage does depend on the success of the previous one, it determines how well an individual will be able to work out the next crisis.
Trust Mistrust
At this point in development, the child is utterly dependent upon adult caregivers for everything they need to survive including food, love, warmth, safety, and nurturing. A developing trust is based on the dependability and quality of the child’s caregivers. If their pattern of accepting things corresponds with culture’s way of giving things, then infants learn basic trust. In contrast, they learn basic mistrust if they find no correspondence between their oral-sensory needs and their environment.
Autonomy shame and doubt
At this point in development, children are just starting to gain a little independence.By allowing kids to make choices and gain control, parents and caregivers can help children develop a sense of autonomy. Potty training plays an important role in helping children develop this sense of autonomy. Children who struggle and who are shamed for their accidents may be left without a sense of personal control. Children who successfully complete this stage feel secure and confident, while those who do not are left with a sense of inadequacy and self-doubt.
Initiative guilt
The major theme of the third stage of psychosocial development is that children need to begin asserting control and power over the environment.Children who are successful at this stage feel capable and able to lead others. Those who fail to acquire these skills are left with a sense of guilt, self-doubt, and lack of initiative.
Industry Inferiority
The fourth psychosocial stage takes place during the early school years. Through social interactions, children begin to develop a sense of pride in their accomplishments and abilities. Children need to cope with new social and academic demands. Success leads to a sense of competence, while failure results in feelings of inferiority.
Identity confusion
This stage plays an essential role in developing a sense of personal identity which will continue to influence behaviour and development for the rest of a person’s life. Teens need to develop a sense of self and personal identity. Success leads to an ability to stay true to yourself, while failure leads to role confusion and a weak sense of self. During adolescence, children explore their independence and develop a sense of self. Those who remain unsure of their beliefs and desires will feel insecure and confused about themselves and the future.
Intimacy isolation
Young adults need to form intimate, loving relationships with other people. Success leads to strong relationships, while failure results in loneliness and isolation. This stage covers the period of early adulthood when people are exploring personal relationships. With a poor sense of self tend to have less committed relationships and are more likely to struggle with emotional isolation, loneliness, and depression.
Generation Stagnation
Adults need to create or nurture things that will outlast them, often by having children or creating a positive change that benefits other people. Success leads to feelings of usefulness and accomplishment, while failure results in shallow involvement in the world.Those who are successful during this phase will feel that they are contributing to the world by being active in their home and community. Those who fail to attain this skill will feel unproductive and uninvolved in the world.
Integrity Despair
The final psychosocial stage occurs during old age and is focused on reflecting back on life.
At this point in development, people look back on the events of their lives and determine if they are happy with the life that they lived or if they regret the things they did or didn’t do. At this stage, people reflect back on the events of their lives and take stock. Those who look back on a life they feel was well-lived will feel satisfied and ready to face the end of their lives with a sense of peace. Those who look back and only feel regret will instead feel fearful that their lives will end without accomplishing the things they feel they should have.
