Ergonomics Flashcards

1
Q

What percent of dentists who retire early are forced to due to musculoskeletal disorders?

A

30%

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2
Q

How much money could be lost if a dentist is required to retire even 5 years early?

A

$1,000,000

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3
Q

How many hours in a lifetime of working is a dentist in tense/distorded positions?

A

60,000 hours

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4
Q

How much money is lost per day due to muscular issues?

A

$800-$1400

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5
Q

What are the goals of ergonomics?

A
  • Prevent the standard of care to the patient
  • Increase safety and productivity
  • Enhance performance by elimanating unnecessary effort
  • Improve the standard care of the patient
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6
Q

What are the symptoms of MSDs?

A

 Excessive fatigue in the shoulders
and neck
 Tingling, burning or other pain in
arms
 Weak grip, cramping of hands
 Numbness in fingers and hands
 Clumsiness and dropping of objects
 Hypersensitivity in hands and
fingers

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7
Q

What is a micro trauma?

A

microscopic damage that occurs daily to certain parts of your musculoskeletal system

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8
Q

What are the most common CTDs?

A

chronic low back pain
tension neck syndrome
trapezius myalgia

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9
Q

What is chronic low back pain caused by?

A

poor seated posture and
weak stabilizing trunk muscles

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10
Q

What is tension neck syndrome caused by?

A

result of a forward head posture

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11
Q

What is trapezius myalgia caused by?

A

pain, tenderness from sustained contraction in upper trapezius muscle. Often from chronic elevation of the shoulders

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12
Q

What is rotor cuff impingement caused by?

A

shoulder pain from over-reaching, and a sustained arm elevation

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13
Q

What is carpal tunnel syndrome caused by?

A

medial nerve compression in the wrist from a flexed wrist posture, a forceful grip and/or gripping instruments with small diameters

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14
Q

What percent of dental students from all four years experience neck, shoulder, and back pain?

A

46-71%

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15
Q

What percent of dental students reported pain by their 3rd year?

A

more than 70%

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16
Q

What are the 3 P’s to fitness in the operatory?

A

❖ Posture
❖ Positioning
❖ Periodic Stretching

17
Q

How should you position yourself?

A

Maintain neutral position:
❖ Head at 0-20 tilt-ears over shoulders
❖ Shoulders over hips
❖ Elbows relaxed at sides
❖ Forearms parallel to the floor or slightly upward
❖ Slight curve in lower back/lordosis
❖ Hip angle >90- ideally 105-125*
❖ Feet flat on floor in tripod position

18
Q

What is a neutral seated position?

A

❖ Forearms parallel to the floor.
❖ Weight evenly balanced.
❖ Hips higher than knees-110 degrees.
❖ Seat height positioned low enough so that you are able to rest the heels of your feet on the floor.
❖ Have a tripod effect-legs and torso.

19
Q

What is a neutral neck position?

A

❖ Head tilt of 0° to 15°
❖ The line from eyes to the treatment area should be as near to vertical as possible.

20
Q

The head weighs 8-10 pounds, and for every one inch the head tilts forward, the load on neck and muscles _______

21
Q

What is neutral shoulder position?

A

❖ Shoulders in horizontal line.
❖ Weight evenly balanced when seated.

22
Q

What is neutral back position?

A

❖ Leaning forward slightly from the waist or hips.
❖ Trunk flexion of 0° to 20°

23
Q

What is neutral upper arm position?

A

❖ Upper arms hang parallel to the long axis of torso.
❖ Elbows at waist level held slightly away from body.

24
Q

What is a neutral forearm position?

A

❖ Parallel to the floor.
❖ Raised or lowered, if necessary, by pivoting at the elbow joint.

25
How should you position the patient to maintain neutral position?
❖ Recline the patient: supine for maxillary, semi-supine for mandibular ❖ Adjust headrest ❖ Adjust chair height to maintain neutral position ❖ Ask patient to move head as needed ❖ Equipment placement within easy reach ❖ Light position to avoid shadowing
26
What is the importance of periodic stretching?
- microbreaks to allow repair to microtraumas - chairside stretching
27
What are some examples of chair-side yoga stretches?
- hand clenching - wrist bending - shoulder rolls - wing and prayer
28
Exercise or physical activity of all kinds stimulates...
neurogenesis (the process by which new neurons are formed in the brain), partly due to the production of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor or BDNF
29
What are the benefits of magnification?
❖ Reduce strain on your eyes ❖ Improve the quality of care and diagnostics ❖ Improve your vision via greater magnification ❖ Increased comfort via proper ergonomics
30
There is significant improvement in visual acuity when using magnification in conjunction with a _________________________.
fiber optic light source
31
What does the ADA recommend for ear protection?
❖ Wear ear plugs or noise-cancelling headphones while using dental equipment ❖ When selecting dental equipment, consider its noise level ❖ Have hearing tested to establish a baseline ❖ Monitor your hearing acuity on a regular basis
32
What is acoustic trauma?
few exposures, intense sound level; ex: explosion
33
What is temporary threshold shift?
temporary hearing change following exposure to noise; ex: concert
34
What is a permanent threshold shift?
result of accumulation of exposure to noise repeated over years; irreversible; this is what we experience in dentistry