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Operative Lecture > Cariology > Flashcards

Cariology Flashcards

1
Q

What are dental caries?

A

An infectious microbiologic disease of the teeth resulting in localized dissolution and destruction of calcified tissue

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2
Q

What are the elements of caries formation?

A
  • teeth
  • streptococcus mutans (bacteria)
  • substrate (carbohydrate)
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3
Q

What kind of disease is caries?

A

multifactorial

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4
Q

What are the different types of bacteria in the mouth?

A

◦ Steptococcus mutans
◦ Streptococcus sanguis
◦ Streptococcus mitis (normal flora)
◦ Bacteroides melaninogenicus

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5
Q

What bacteria type is associated with periodontal disease?

A

Bacteroides melaninogenicus

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6
Q

What bacterial type is a normal flora and is meant to slow the growth of strep mutans?

A

Streptococcus mitis

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7
Q

What is the pH at which enamel begins to demineralize?

A

5.5

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8
Q

What is the pH that dentin demineralizes at?

A

6.2

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9
Q

pH remains below 5.5 for _____ minutes after each sugar exposure

A

20-60 minutes

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10
Q

Enamel is ______ than dentin

A

stronger (requires higher acidity than dentin)

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11
Q

What is the preferred type of carb for streptococci mutans?

A

sucrose

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12
Q

What is the epidemology for caries?

A

-Younger children (2-8yrs) have had minor decrease in caries prevalence
-Caries prevalence has remained constant for older children
-Minority youth still most at risk for caries
-Lower income youth still most at risk for caries

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13
Q

Where are the three sites for caries initiation?

A
  • pit and fissure
  • smooth surface (interproximal or near gingiva)
  • root surface
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14
Q

What are the clinical features of caries?

A
  • smooth surface cavitated
  • occlusal caries
  • interproximal caires (use radiographs)
  • root surface caries
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15
Q

Are white spot lesions caries or not?

A

noncavitated

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16
Q

What class is a pit and fissure carie?

A

class I

17
Q

Where are pit and fissure caries likely?

A
  • occlusal surfaces of posterior teeth
  • buccal surface of posterior molars (buccal pit)
  • lingual surface of lateral incisors
18
Q

What is the most prevalent location for caries?

A

pit and fissure

19
Q

What can help prevent pit and fissure caries?

A

sealants

20
Q

How do you detect pit and fissure caries?

A
  • use explorer to drag along surface to check for softness (gentle pressure)
  • clinical visualize shadowing
  • radiographs
21
Q

What does a “stick” tell you?

A

Nothing!

22
Q

Presence of high concentrations of mutans streptococci in pits or fissures is typically followed by a carious lesion in _____ months

A

6-24

23
Q

What class are smooth surface caries?

A

Class V (buccal and lingual)
Class II (interproximal)

24
Q

What type of caries are associated with high sugar intake?

A

smooth surface caries

25
Q

What type of caries are associated with “soda sippers”?

A

smooth surface caries

26
Q

What are the characteristics of root surface caries?

A
  • Comparatively rapid succession
  • Often asymptomatic
  • Closer to the pulp
  • More difficult to restore
27
Q

What are reccurent/secondary caries?

A

caries that develop at margin of a restoration

28
Q

How can you diagnosis caries?

A

visual
- color
- matte vs shiny

tactile
- firm vs soft (leathery)

radiographs

29
Q

What are factors to consider when managing caries?

A
  • general health
  • xerostomia (radiation/chemo, medical conditions, medications)
  • fluroid exposure
30
Q

How can you help prevent caries?

A

oral hygiene instructions
dietary counseling
sealants

31
Q

What is a sealant?

A

◦ Thin resin coating placed on chewing surfaces of teeth
◦ With or without enameloplasty

32
Q

How can you arrest caries?

A
  • fluroide
  • oral hygiene improvement
  • dietary changes
  • professional cleanings
  • address xerostomia
33
Q

What is an intermediate option between prevention and restoring a tooth?

A

resin inflitration

34
Q

What type of resin inflitration do we use in clinic?

A

Icon is used in our clinic
◦ Clean tooth well (pumice)
◦ Dry working field (rubber dam)
◦ Etch for at least 30 seconds 1-3 times; rinse and DRY well
◦ Infiltrate using Icon resin

35
Q

What are the four terms for classifying caries?

A

◦ Sound Tooth Structure
◦ Initial Caries
◦ Moderate Caries
◦ Advanced Caries

Operative Lecture (14 decks)

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