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My Operative Dentistry > Ergonomic In Dentistry > Flashcards

Ergonomic In Dentistry Flashcards

1
Q

What is ergonomic?

A

It is an applied science concerned with designing and arranging things people use so that things and people interact most efficiently and safely.

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2
Q

Fundamental prerequisite to proper dental treatment are?

A
  1. Proper positioning of the patient and the operator
  2. Illumination
  3. Retraction for optimal visibility
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3
Q

What is the result of bad posture?

A

Musculoskeletal disorder

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4
Q

Who and when first specialised dental chair was invented?

A

It was made by JOSIAH FLAGG, an American dentist

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5
Q

Factors to keeping mind regarding dental chair?

A
  1. Comfort to the patient
  2. Total body support
  3. Headrest- supporting chin
  4. Maximum working area
  5. convenient location with adjustable control switches
  6. Foot switch improve infection control
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6
Q

Patients position

A
  1. Upright
  2. Reclined 45 degree
  3. Almost supine
  4. Head below feet
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7
Q

Most common patient position?

A
  1. Almost supine

2. Reclined 45 degree

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8
Q

What is almost supine position?

A

In this chair position is such that head, knees and feet are approx at that same level.

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9
Q

What is reclined 45 degree?

A

In this position, chair is reclined at 45 degree because mandibular occlusal surface is at 45 degree.

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10
Q

Patients positions?

A
  1. All his body parts are well supported.
  2. Head should be supported by headrest.
  3. Patient head should be in line with his back.
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11
Q

Operating positions?

A

Level of teeth same with level of operator’s elbow.

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12
Q

Operator’s positions?

A
  1. Right front : 7 o’clock
  2. Right : 9 o’clock
  3. Right rear : 11 o’clock
  4. Direct rear : 12 o’clock
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13
Q

Operator position requirements?

A
  1. Forearm parallel to the floor
  2. Thighs parallel to the floor
  3. Hip angle 90 degree
    Heel touch the floor
  4. When working 9-12 o’clock, feet spread apart so that legs and the chair base form a tripod- stable position.
  5. Don’t keep your legs behind patient chair
  6. Back should be straight
    7.head erect
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14
Q

Right front position??

A

7 o’clock

  1. Examination of the patient
  2. Working areas :
    A. Mandibular anterior
    B. Maxillary anterior
    C. Mandibular posterior right side
  3. To increase visibility, the patients head may be turns toward the operator.
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15
Q

Right position

A

9 o’clock
1. Dentist exactly right to the patient.
2. Workings areas
A. Facial surface of maxillary right posterior
B. Facial surface of mandibular right posterior
C. Occlusal surface of mandibular right posterior

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16
Q

Right rear position

A

11 o’clock
1. Dentist sits behind and slightly right to the patient and left arm is positioned around patients head
2. Working areas
A. Palatal and Incisal surface of maxillary teeth
B.mandibular teeth

17
Q

Direct rear position

A

12 o’clock

  1. Dentist sits directly behind the patient and looks down over the patients head
  2. Working area
    A. Lingual surface of mandibular anterior teeth
    B. Lingual surface of maxillary anterior teeth
18
Q

Neutral neck position

* goal * avoid

A

Goal

  1. Head tilted 0-15 degree
  2. Line from the eye to the treatment area should be as near as vertical

Avoid

  1. Head tipped too far forward
  2. Head tilted to one side
19
Q

Neutral back position?

Goal & avoid

A

Goal

  1. leaning forward slightly from the waist or hip
  2. Trunk flexion of 0-20

Avoid
1. Overflexion of the spine

20
Q

Neutral shoulder position

A

Goal
1. Shoulder in horizontal line

  1. Weight evenly balanced when seated

Avoid

  1. Shoulder lifted up
  2. Shoulder hunched forward
  3. Sitting with weight on one hip
21
Q

Neutral upper arm position

A

Goal

  1. upper arms hang parallel to the long axis of torso
  2. Elbows at waist level held slightly away from body

Avoid

  1. Greater than 20 degree of elbow abduction
  2. Elbow held above waist level
22
Q

Neutral forearm position

A

Goal

  1. Parallel to the floor
  2. Raised or lowered by pivoting at elbow joint

Avoid
1. Angle between forearm and upper arm less than 60

23
Q

Neutral hand position

A

Goal

  1. Little finger side of palm slightly lower than thumb side of palm
  2. Wrist aligned with forearm

Avoid

  1. thumb side of palm rotated down so that palm is parallel to the floor
  2. Hand and wrist bend
24
Q

Orientation of maxilla and mandibular occlusal surface

A

Maxillary occlusal surface- perpendicular to the floor

Mandibular occlusal surface-oriented 45” to the floor

25
Q

Reasons for early retirement among dentists?

A
  1. Musculoskeletal disorder(MSD)- 29.5%
  2. CVS-21.2%
  3. Neurotic symptoms-16.5%
  4. Tumours-7.6%
  5. Disease of nervous system-6.1%
26
Q

Operator zone for right handed?

A

7-12 o clock

27
Q

Static zone for right handed?

A

12-2 o’clock

28
Q

Assistant zone for right handed ?

A

2 -4 o’clock

29
Q

Transfer zone for right handed ?

A

5-7 o’clock

30
Q

Operator zone for left handed

A

12-5 oclock

31
Q

Static zone for left handed?

A

12-10 oclock

32
Q

Assistant zone for left handed?

A

10-8 oclock

33
Q

Transfer zone for left handed ?

A

5-7 oclock

My Operative Dentistry (6 decks)

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