Ergogenic aids Flashcards
What is the Sports used, mode of action, ergogenic benefit and risk of use of amphetamine
Sports used - Gridiron, basketball and track and field
Ergogenic benefit - prevent fatigue, increase confidence, power, CV, speed and reaction time
Mode of action - Sympathomimetic (bind with alpha and beta receptors to increase catecholimines) - increase BP, HR and brain O2 uptake and CNS stimulant (increase arousal wakeful ness and confidence
Risks of use - CV stress, push beyond normal fatigue, addictive and toxic
What is the Sports used, mode of action, ergogenic benefit and risk of use of Caffeine
Sports - weightlifters, throwers and endurance sports
Ergogenic benefit - Prevents fatigue, increased conc and enhanced FFA mobilisation
Mode of action - CNS stimulant, sympathomimetic and blocks adenosine
Risks of use - At high does nervousness, anxiety and insomnia
Diuretic (dehydration)
Addictive and toxic
What is the Sports used, mode of action, ergogenic benefit and risk of use of Betablockers
Sports - shooting sports
Ergogenic benefit - Improves accuracy
Mode of action - blocks beta-adrenergic receptors and reduced sympathetic stimulation (decreased BP and HR)
Risks - prolonged use; bronchospasm, cardiac failure and heart block
Decreased BP also fatigue and light headed
What is the Sports used, mode of action, ergogenic benefit and risk of use of Diuretics
Sports - Weight category sports
Ergogenic benefit - weight loss
Mode of action - acts on kidneys, increases production and excretion of urine, extracellular fluid loss and plasma
Risks - dehydration, reduced plasma volume, exhaution and cardiac arrest
What is the Sports used, mode of action, ergogenic benefit and risk of use of Anabolic steroids
Sports - any sport where muscle/body size important (weightlifting)
Ergogenic aid - growth of muscle, bone erthrocytes and enhanced neural conduction
Mode of action - binds with intracellular androgen receptors and transcription of genes (increase rate of protein synthesis and aggression, decreased rate of protein breakdown.
Risks - Males; testicular atrophy, reduced sperm count, breast enlargment, liver disease personality changes
Females; breast regression, masculinization and menstrual disruption
What is the Sports used, mode of action, ergogenic benefit and risk of use of Human growth hormone
Sports - power and strength events
Ergogenic aid - muscle protein synthesis, bone growth stimulation and increased lipolysis
Mode of action - potent anabolic agent, facilitates AA transport into cells and incorporation into protein for muscle hypertrophy
Risks - bone thickening, cardiomyopathy, diabetes and hypotension
What is the Sports used, mode of action, ergogenic benefit and risk of use of Oral contraceptives
Sports - used amongst female athletes to control menstrual cycle
Ergogenic aid - Used for female athletes which perform better during follicular stage (progesterone and oestrogen lower therefore body temperature lower)
Mode of action - Contraception used until 10 days before event, withdrawal bleeding 3 days reassures athlete
Risks - diarrhoea, weight gain, fatigue, hypertension, liver tumours and blood clots, stroke heart attack
What is the Sports used, mode of action, ergogenic benefit and risk of use of Blood doping
Sports - endurance sports like cycling and running
Ergogenic aid - increases endurance performance and time to fatigue
Mode of action - Increases 02 carrying capacity, VO2 max, time to exhaution and measurable performance
Risks - Blood clotting, heart failure and transfusion complaints
What is the Sports used, mode of action, ergogenic benefit and risk of use of Bicarbonate loading
Sports - Anaerobic exercises in athletics like sprints
Ergogenic aid - delays fatigue
Mode of action - increases blood alkanility so more lactate can be cleared (delay fatigue), normal part of bodies buffering system to maintain normal pH
Risks of use - GIT cramping, bloating and diarrhoea
