Erectile and ejaculatory conditions + obstetrics

Question 1

Name phosphodiesterase type-5 inhibitors ?

Answer 1

sildenafil ( 1 hour before sex)
tadalafil ( 30 min before sex)
Vardenafil ( 25-60 min before sex)
Avanafil (30 min before sex)

Question 2

Name prostaglandin analogues used for erectile dysfunction ?

Answer 2

Alprostadil

Question 3

How should you counsel a men who has been prescribed alprostadil either as topical application or injection?

Answer 3

Patients should be instructed to report any erection lasting 4 hours or longer.

With urethral use
If partner is pregnant, barrier contraception should be used.

With topical use:
Counsel patients that condoms should be used to avoid local reactions and exposure of alprostadil to women of childbearing age, pregnant, or lactating women.

Question 4

What is patient advise regarding phosphodiesterase type-5 inhibitors?

Answer 4

Onset of effect may be delayed if taken with food.

Question 5

What are the s/e of phosphodiesterase type-5 inhibitors?

Answer 5

Vasodilation: hypotension: flushing, headache, migraine, dyspepsia, nasal congestion, palpitations, tachycardia

Question 6

When would phosphodiesterase type-5 inhibitors be contraindicated ?

Answer 6

Where there is a reduced blood perfusion: myocardial infarction, unstable angina or recent stroke, hypotension; systolic BP less than 90 or people who take nitrates

Question 7

Which drugs interact with phosphodiesterase type-5 inhibitors?

Answer 7

Nitrates
Nicorandil
Alpha-blockers ( risk of postural hypotension)
CCBs

Question 8

Name drugs that can be used in abortion ?

Answer 8

gemeprost (prostaglandin analogue)
mifepristone (anti-progestogen)
misoprostol (prostaglandin analogue)

Question 9

Name drugs that can induce or augment labour ?

Answer 9

dinoprostone (naturally occurring prostaglandin)
misoprostol
oxytocin (naturally occurring hormone)

Question 10

Name drugs that can prevent and treat bleeding labour /abortion/miscarriage ?

Answer 10

carbetocin
carboprost
ergometrine
misoprostol
oxytocin

Question 11

name drug that can be used in ectopic pregnancy ?

Answer 11

methotrexate

Question 12

Name drugs that can be used in premature labour ?

Answer 12

salbutamol/terbutaline
atosiban (oxytocin antagonist)
indomethacin (stops sythensis of prostaglandins)
nifedipine

Question 13

How should vaginal trichomoniasis and bacterial vaginosis be treated ?

Answer 13

metronidazole 2g single dose