ER/Triage Flashcards
Which of the following is least useful when resuscitating a dog in shock?
A. D5W
B. Hetastarch
C. Hypertonic saline
D. Plasma-Lyte 48 (148)
D5W
Which of the following conditions heals best through first intention?
A. Abscess
B. Degloving
C. Simple laceration
D. Puncture wound
Simple laceration
Oxygen can be administered to a patient via any of the following routes, except:
A. Chest tube
B. Endotracheal tube
C. Nasal oxygen catheter
D. Tracheotomy tube
Chest tube
Which of the following is the most important goal when treating a patient with heat stroke?
A. Cooling
B. Infection control
C. Oxygen therapy
D. Pain control
Cooling
All of the following are recommended treatments for a dog experiencing paraphimosis, except?
A. Lubricating the penis
B. Cleaning the penis
C. Applying hypertonic solutions to the penis
D. Applying a warm compress to the penis
Applying a warm compress to the penis
Initial treatment for a dog with an open fracture includes all of the following, except:
A. Copiously cleaning and flushing the wound
B. Covering the wound
C. Applying a temporary splint to the limb
D. Taking radiographs of the fracture
Taking radiographs of the fracture
Which statement concerning a dog having a seizure is most correct?
A. Grasp the dog’s tongue and pull it forward to prevent airway obstruction
B. Administer oral anticonvulsants
C. Prevent the dog from injuring itself
D. Immediately start infusion of intravenous fluids
Prevent dog from injuring itself
A client calls the hospital to say that his Pekingese has suffered an eye proptosis. Your advice to the client should include all of the following, except:
A. Apply pressure to the globe to replace it in the socket
B. Protect the glove from further trauma
C. Keep the glove moist
D. Immediately bring the dog to the vet
Apply pressure to the globe to replace it in the socket
Which statement is least accurate concerning the emergency treatment of cats with urethral obstruction?
A. Cats must always be sedated to have a urinary catheter passed
B. Massaging the tip of the penis can relieve the obstruction
C. Cats with a slow, irregular heart rate probably have a high serum potassium level
D. If the obstruction is not relieved, the cat will die
Massaging the tip of the penis can relieve the obstruction
What procedure is not routinely performed to resuscitate neonates following cesarean section?
A. Clean the nose and mouth of secretions
B. Rub the neonate with a towel to stimulate breathing
C. Administer a drop of oxytocin under the tongue
D. Ligate the umbilical cord
Administer oxytocin under the tongue
A patient is experiencing cardiopulmonary arrest. The most desirable route of drug administration is:
A. Intratracheal
B. Intracardiac
C. Intravenous
D. Intraosseous
Intravenous
Inducing emesis after ingestion of a solid toxin is imperative. However, emesis has little value if induced more than ____ hours after ingestion.
A. 0.5 hrs
B. 1.5 hrs
C. 4 hrs
D. 8 hrs
4 hours
Which is not an immediate consideration in CPR?
A. Airway
B. Analgesia
C. Breathing
D. Circulation
Analgesia
At what rate (breaths per minute) should respirations be administered to a patient in cardiopulmonary arrest?
A. 4-8 breaths per min
B. 8-12 breaths per min
C. 12-26 breaths per min
D. 16-20 breaths per min
8-12 breaths per min
All of the following are signs of end-stage decompensatory shock, except:
A. Hypothermia
B. Vasodilation
C. Prolonged CRT
D. Tachycardia
Tachycardia
A patient that has been hit by a car and has no palpable pulse or detectable heartbeat requires chest compressions. These compressions should be performed at a rate (per minute) of:
A. 60-80 compressions per minute
B. 80-100 compressions per minute
C. 100-120 compressions per minute
D. 120-140 compressions per minute
100-120 compressions per minute
To minimize hemorrhage to the head of a canine trauma patient, where should pressure be applied?
A. at the thoracic inlet in both jugular grooves
B. at the thoracic inlet of the left jugular groove
C. To the area adjacent and ventral to the midline
D. To the lateral points of the temporomandibular joint
To the area adjacent and ventral to the mandible
In emergency care cases in which it is not possible to administer large volumes of desired fluids, it may be beneficial to properly administer:
A. D5W
B. Hypertonic saline
C. Hypotonic saline
D. Isotonic saline
Hypertonic saline
During emergency intubation, the cranial nerve _______ may be stimulated, resulting in ________________.
A. I; bradycardia
B. IV; tachycardia
C. X; bradycardia
D. XII; tachycardia
X; bradycardia
A man phones the veterinary practice to say that he has just hit a dog with his car and it is now lying on the side of the road. It appears to be breathing with minimal distress; however, there is blood coming from both nostrils and there is a small river of dark blood coming from a laceration on the lateral side of its hind leg. The dog can raise its head and is attempting to stand. In advising the man, your recommendation is to do all of the following except:
A. Be aware for any signs of aggression
B. Tie the mouth securely closed with your shoelace
C. Transport the dog on a board lying on its side
D. Apply direct pressure to the wound
Tie the mouth securely closed with your shoelace
A normal central venous pressure (CVP) range is:
A. 0-5 cm H20
B. 5-10 cm H20
C. 10-15 cm H20
D. 15-20 cm H20
0-5 cm H20
When monitoring patients on fluids and/or patients that undergo diuresis, urine output is an important consideration. The normal urine production for a healthy dog or cat is approximately:
A. 0-1 ml/kg/hr
B. 1-2 ml/kg/hr
C. 2-3 ml/kg/hr
D. 3-4 ml/kg/hr
1-2 ml/kg/hr
Multiple parameters are measured to determine a category of shock that an animal might be experiencing. The CVP is high in which of the following types of shock?
A. Cardiogenic
B. Disruptive
C. Hypovolemic
D. Septic
Cardiogenic
The first drug of choice for a cat that experiences status epilepticus is:
A. diazepam
B. pentobarbital
C. potassium bromide
D. propofol
Diazepam
Hypoglycemia is most common in patients that experience:
A. Anaphylactic shock
B. Cardiogenic shock
C. Neurogenic shock
D. Septic shock
Septic shock
A patient has increased muscular tone in the thoracic limbs and flaccid paralysis in the pelvic limbs when lying on his side. He is able to ambulate when placed on his feet and has a normal mentation. What posture do these clinical signs indicate?
A. Decerebellate
B. Decerebrate
C. Opisthotonus
D. Schiff-Sherrington
Schiff-Sherrington
The Schiff-Sherrington posture is indicative of injury to which part of the spine?
A. Cranial-C6
B. C6-T2
C. T1-T3
D. T3-L3
T3-L3
NSAIDs are also referred to as:
A. anti-prostaglandins
B. neoprostaglandins
C. Pro-prostaglandins
D. prostaglandoids
Anti-prostaglandins
Which of the following is a colloid solution?
A. Hetastarch
B. Lactated Ringers
C. Normosol-R
D. Plasma-Lyte 148
Hetastarch
Defibrillation is the passing of an electrical current through the heart to:
A. Cause the already depolarized cardiac cells to repolarize in a uniform manner
B. Cause the cardiac cells to depolarize and then repolarize in a uniform manner
C. Prevent the cardiac cells from depolarizing, thus maintaining rhythm
D. Prevent any contractile activity of the cardiac cells temporarily
Cause cardiac cells to depolarize and then repolarize in a uniform manner
Which of the following is least likely to be seen in a patient suffering from shock?
A. Hyperthermia
B. Hypotension
C. Tachycardia
D. Tachypnea
Hyperthermia
Gastric dilatation/volvulus (GDV) is a life-threatening emergency. Which of the following veins becomes obstructed as a result of GDV?
A. Femoral vein
B. Gastroduodenal vein
C. Portal vein
D. Renal vein
Portal vein
The unit for measurement for insulin is:
A. Milliliters
B. Microliters
C. Milligrams
D. International units
International units
Dystocia in the dog or cat may be defined as active straining without delivery of a fetus for more than _________ minutes.
A. 20 mins
B. 30 mins
C. 40 mins
D. 60 mins
60 minutes
Tension pneumothorax occurs when pressure in the thoracic cavity is:
A. Less than atmospheric pressure
B. Equal to atmospheric pressure
C. Greater than atmospheric pressure
D. Constant as animal breathes in and out
Greater than atmospheric pressure
When approaching an animal that requires emergency treatment, which direction should one approach the patient?
A. Caudal
B. Lateral
C. Rostral
D. Let the animal try to come to you
Rostral
Ocular exposure to a toxin has occurred in a dog. On examination, it is discovered that there is possible damage to the corneal epithelium. Which of the following procedures is contraindicated?
A. Continuous flushing with physiologic saline
B. Provision of mild sedative or analgesic or both
C. Corticosteroid administration to prevent inflammation
D. Use of antibiotic cream after flushing
Corticosteroid administration to prevent inflammation
A client calls the veterinary practice indicating that her cat drank ethylene glycol 6 hours earlier. Everyone is at lunch, and you immediately page the veterinarian; however, the client wants to make her cat vomit to rid it of the toxin. What should you advise her?
A. To use 3% hydrogen peroxide at 1 tbl/20 lb
B. To use salt on the back of the tongue
C. To use dry mustard powder only
D. Not to induce vomiting and to bring in the cat immediately
Not to induce vomiting and to bring in the cat immediately
Eclampsia produces elevated body temperatures as a result of:
A. Increased levels of endotoxins that are present
B. A large fetal mass that is present
C. Heat produced through muscle movement
D. Eclampsia does not result in elevated body temp
Heat produced through muscle movement
To place a nasal oxygenation catheter in a dog, a veterinary technician would measure to the:
A. Beginning of the thoracic inlet
B. Medial canthus of the eye
C. Pharynx
D. No measurement is needed; a standard catheter that is 1.5 inches in length is used
Medial canthus of the eye
A client calls to say she has come home to find her cat lying with the lamp cord in its mouth. The first thing you should advise her to do is:
A. Immediately place the cat in a carrier, and bring it to clinic
B. Explain how to perform CPR
C. Immediately disconnect the plug of the lamp cord from the wall socket
D. Take note of the amperage of the lamp
Immediately disconnect the plug of the lamp cord from the wall socket
The most common artery to use when assessing the pulse of a dog or cat is the:
A. Jugular
B. Femoral
C. Carpal
D. Tarsal
Femoral
A healthy, adult, small-breed dog is presented to the veterinary practice for a wellness exam. At what point does one become concerned about an elevated heart rate?
A. 175 beats/min
B. 250 beats/min
C. 300 beats/min
D. 350 beats/min
250 beats/min
A pulse deficit occurs when the pulse:
A. Occurs before the heartbeat
B. Occurs with the heartbeat
C. Occurs after the heartbeat
D. Does not occur
Does not occur
A normal sinus arrhythmia occurs when heart rate:
A. Increases with expiration
B. Decreases with expiration
C. May increase or decrease with expiration
D. Does not increase or decrease with expiration
Decreases with expiration
Emesis should not be induced in patients that have ingested:
A. Anticholinergics
B. Hydrocarbons
C. Organophosphates
D. Salicylates
Hydrocarbons
An abnormal increase in the depth and rate of respirations is called:
A. Dyspnea
B. Hypernea
C. Orthopnea
D. Tachypnea
Hypernea
An 18-gauge needle would be most appropriate for administering SQ fluids to which patient?
A. Cockatiel
B. Lab retriever
C. Kitten
D. Rat
Lab retriever
The proper site for an intraperitoneal injection is:
A. On the lateral abdominal wall just caudal to the rib cage
B. Caudal to the umbilicus on the midline
C. At the level of the umbilicus to the right or left of the midline
D. Cranial to the umbilicus
Cranial to the umbilicus
Which of the following statements is true regarding the administration of liquids via the oral cavity in a dog?
A. Flush a large bolus of fluid directly into the mouth
B. Flush a very small bolus of fluid directly into pharyngeal area
C. Place fluid between the teeth and the cheek, and allow the patient to swallow on its own accord
D. Place the fluid between the teeth and the cheek in large enough amounts so that the patient be forced to swallow
Place fluid between the teeth and the cheek, and allow the patient to swallow on its own accord
Which area of the body is best to assess skin turgor in a canine patient?
A. Lateral aspect of the neck
B. Caudal abdomen
C. Base of the tail
D. Axillary region
Lateral aspect of the neck
Knuckling is an abnormality of which system?
A. Cardiac
B. Neurologic
C. Respiratory
D. Urinary
Neurologic
The rapid intravenous administration of large amounts of potassium can result in:
A. Respiratory arrest
B. Cardiac arrest
C. Polyuria
D. Polydipsia
Cardiac arrest
Which of the following route(s) can potassium solutions be administered to dogs and cats without causing severe pain?
A. Intravenous only
B. Subcutaneous only
C. Intramuscular only
D. Intravenous and subcutaneous
Intravenous and subcutaneous
Which of the following is not contraindication for crystalloid fluid therapy?
A. Pulmonary edema
B. Cerebral edema
C. Pitting of the soft tissues
D. Swollen soft tissue from bruising caused by trauma
Swollen soft tissue from bruising caused by trauma
Which of the following is the easiest method for monitoring fluid therapy?
A. Central venous pressure (CVP)
B. Packed-cell volume/total protein (PCV/TP)
C. Urine output (UOP)
D. Weight
Weight
The mucous membranes of a dog in septic shock are:
A. Cyanotic
B. Hyperemic
C. Icteric
D. Pale
Hyperemic
What part of the eye can be used to indicate fluid overload?
A. Conjunctiva
B. Lens
C. Pupil
D. Nictitating membrane
Conjunctiva
Rapid fluid replacement with crystalloids is contraindicated in conditions of:
A. Severe dehydration
B. Shock
C. Cerebral edema
D. Renal failure
Cerebral edema
Which of the following is a common colloid preparation that is administered intravenously?
A. Lactated ringers solutions
B. Normosol-R solution
C. Sodium chloride 9%
D. Vetstarch
Vetstarch
Fluid-Therapy solutions administered subcutaneously are:
A. Colloids
B. Hypertonic
C. Hypotonic
D. Isotonic
Isotonic
The best route for rapid fluid administration of large amounts of fluids to patients with poor venous access is:
A. Intraosseous
B. Intraperitoneal
C. Oral
D. Subcutaneous
Intraosseous
In trauma cases, fluid therapy should be used with caution in which of the following scenarios?
A. Severe shock
B. Mild Shock
C. Pulmonary contusions
D. Severe Skin Damage
Pulmonary contusions
When a critical patient arrives at the veterinary practice, which body system should be evaluated first?
A. Cardiac
B. Neurologic
C. Respiratory
D. Urinary
Respiratory
Which of the following is the safest and most effective first aid for frostbite?
A. Apply warm towels and massage the area
B. Immerse the affected area in hot water
C. Immerse the affected area in lukewarm water
D. Rub the affected area with snow
Immerse the affected area in lukewarm water
Which of the following methods for controlling hemorrhage from a traumatic wound is least likely to cause further damage to the animal?
A. Clamping the wound with a hemostat
B. Direct pressure
C. Tourniquet
D. Applying silver nitrate
Direct pressure
Which would be considered the least important physical measure evaluated during triage of a patient?
A. Heart Rate
B. Respiratory rate
C. Capillary refill time
D. Weight
Weight
The most desirable induction agent for an emergency cesarean section in a dog is:
A. Etomidate
B. Diazepam
C. Propofol
D. Thiopental
Propofol
Which of the following statements is true regarding a patient that is in shock?
A. Initial decrease in HR that then increases as the patient nears death
B. Decreased heart rate
C. Initial increase in heart rate that then decreases as the patient nears death
D. Increased heart rate
Initial increase in HR that then decreases as the patient nears death
The mucous membranes of patients in hemorrhagic shock are:
A. Cyanotic
B. Hyperemic
C. Icteric
D. Pale or white
Pale or white
What is the minimum concentration of hemoglobin required to detect cyanosis?
A. 3 g/dL
B. 4 g/dL
C. 5 g/dL
D. 6 g/dL
5 g/dL
According to the principles of triage, which patient should the veterinarian see first?
A. Cat with a closed fracture
B. Dog in respiratory distress
C. Dog with otitis externa
D. Cat with a small laceration on a paw pad
Dog in respiratory distress
Which of the following would petechiation on the mucous membranes indicate?
A. Hemoglobinemia
B. Methemoglobinemia
C. Myoglobinemia
D. Thrombocytopenia
Thrombocytopenia
Which of the following is not a characteristic of compensatory shock?
A. Normal blood pressure
B. Cool extremities
C. Capillary refill time <1 second
D. Tachycardia
capillary refill time < 1 second
According to the principles of triage, which patient should a veterinarian see first?
a. Dog with a small laceration on a pinna
b. dog with acute gastric dilatation/volvulus
c. cat with dystocia, not in shock, no kitten in birth canal
d. cat with possible linear foreign body in the bowel
Dog with acute gastric dilatation/volvulus
Which of these signs is not an indication of dystocia?
A. Green or black vulvar discharge
B. Profuse vulvar hemorrhage
C. Pup or kitten in the birth canal for 5 minutes
D. More than 1 hour of vigorous contractions with no pup or kitten produced
Green or black vulvar discharge
What is not usually a sign of acute gastric dilatation/volvulus?
A. Unproductive vomiting
B. Hypersalivation
C. Abdominal distention
D. Profuse diarrhea
Profuse diarrhea
Crackles on thoracic auscultation indicate:
A. Asthma
B. Pleural effusion
C. Pneumothorax
D. Pulmonary edema
Pulmonary edema
The underlying disease for most cases of feline aortic thromboembolism is ______ in origin.
A. Cardiac
B. Hepatic
C. Renal
D. Respiratory
Cardiac
A client describes his male cat as lethargic and constipated; he has observed the cat straining in the litter box. You suspect that the cat is actually suffering from:
A. Peritonitis
B. Urethral obstruction
C. Intestinal obstruction
D. An upper respiratory viral infection
Urethral obstruction
If the hindquarters were elevated in a dog with a severe diaphragmatic hernia, what effect would this have on respiration?
A. There is no change in resp rate or labor of respirations
B. Respiratory rate decreases and respiration becomes less labored
C. Respiratory rate increases and respiration becomes more labored
D. Cough is induced
Respiratory rate increases and respiration becomes more labored
A veterinarian is assessing a cat with a spinal injury. When the doctor pinches the cat’s toe, a positive response to deep pain would be indicated by:
A. Kicking of the foot without vocalizing
B. Kicking of the foot while vocalizing
C. Withdrawal of the foot without vocalizing
D. Withdrawal of the foot while vocalizing
Withdrawal of the foot while vocalizing
Signs of cardiopulmonary arrest include all of the following except:
A. Alertness
B. Dilated pupils
C. Agonal breathing
D. No femoral pulse
Alertness
A patient that was hit by a car and has multiple pelvic fractures has not urinated in more than 24 hours. One may suspect the cause of anuria to be:
A. Ruptured urinary bladder
B. Severe dehydration
C. Renal failure
D. Urethral calculi
Ruptured urinary bladder
A free-roaming dog is brought to the hospital for listlessness and dyspnea. While performing venipuncture, you notice that the animal seems to have a prolonged clotting time. A possible cause of prolonged clotting times would be the ingestion of _____________.
A. Anticoagulant rodenticide
B. Ethylene Glycol
C. Organophosphate insecticide
D. Strychnine
Anticoagulant rodenticide
Which statement concerning status epilepticus is accurate?
A. It occurs in geriatric animals only
B. It is a life-threatening medical emergency
C. It is treated by the administration of acepromazine
D. It will resolve spontaneously
It is a life-threatening medical emergency
Signs of organophosphate toxicity include all of the following except:
A. Bradycardia
B. Lacrimation
C. Mydriasis
D. Salivation
Mydriasis
Normal capillary refill time in dogs is:
A. <1 second
B. 1-2 seconds
C. 2-4 seconds
D. 4-6 seconds
1-2 seconds
A client calls the hospital and indicates that a car has just hit his cat. The recommendations that should be made include:
A. Immediately bring the cat in to be examined by a veterinarian
B. Observe the cat at home for an hour and call back if problems occur
C. Bring the cat in for an examination by a veterinarian the following day
D. Bring the cat to you for initial examination, so you can determine whether the animal needs to be seen by a vet
Immediately bring the cat in to be examined by a veterinarian
To reduce intracranial pressure that results from trauma, __________ may be administered every 4 to 8 hours.
A. Atropine
B. Dexamethasone
C. Diazepam
D. Mannitol
Mannitol
A client calls the hospital and advises that his puppy has walked through motor oil and is licking its paws. What should be recommended?
A. Do not induce emesis, and immediately bring the pet to the clinic for examination and treatment
B. Induce emesis and then immediately bring the pet to the clinic for examination and treatment
C. Induce emesis; no further treatment is required
D. Induce emesis and then bring the pet to the clinic only if it shows signs of toxicity
Do not induce emesis, and immediately bring the pet to the clinic for examination and treatment
A client calls the practice and states that his dog just ingested sugar-free gum. He is 90 minutes from the practice. What should be recommended?
A. Do not induce emesis, and immediately bring the pet to the clinic for examination and treatment
B. Induce emesis and then immediately bring the pet to the clinic for examination and treatment
C. Induce emesis; no further treatment is required
D. Induce emesis and then bring the pet to the clinic only if it shows signs of toxicity
Induce emesis then immediately bring the pet to the clinic for examination and treatment
A client owning a diabetic cat calls the practice and says that her cat has just had a seizure and collapsed. She gave the cat its usual dose of insulin that morning, but the animal has not eaten anything during the day. What should the next recommendation entail?
A. Another dose of insulin, then bring the cat to the clinic for medical attention
B. Some corn syrup of sugar solution on the gums, then observe the cat at home
C. Some corn syrup or sugar solution on the gums, then bring the cat to the clinic for medical attention
D. Another dose of insulin, then observe the cat at home
Some corn syrup or sugar solution on the gums, then bring the cat to the clinic for medical attention
A client has just treated his 5-week-old kitten with a flea dip that contains lindane. The cat is acting slightly lethargic, and the client then notices that the label on the dip reads “for dogs only.” The client calls the practice. What advice should be given?
A. Observe the kitten at home
B. Wash the kitten with mild dish soap, rinse well, and then bring the animal to the clinic for examination
C. Wash the kitten with mild dish soap, rinse well, and then administer acetaminophen for discomfort
D. Induce emesis and observe the kitten at home
Wash the kitten with mild dish soap, rinse well, and then bring the animal to the clinic for examination
A client calls the hospital because he has noticed that his cat has a string protruding from under the tongue. The client should be advised to:
A. Gently attempt to pull out the string
B. Induce emesis
C. Cut the string and administer laxatives at home
D. Bring the cat to the clinic for examination
Bring the cat to clinic for examination
A client calls the hospital because she has noticed a barbed fishhook embedded in her dog’s lower lip. The client should be advised to:
A. Gently attempt to pull out the fishhook
B. Observe the dog at home; most fishhooks fall out spontaneously within 24 hrs
C. Bring the animal to see the veterinarian as soon as possible
D. Administer aspirin for discomfort and see the veterinarian right away
Bring the animal to see the veterinarian as soon as possible
A dog has a lacerated paw pad. The client has placed a small bandage over the wound, but blood is soaking through. The appropriate treatment is to:
A. Remove the bandage and apply digital pressure to the wound
B. Apply another bandage over the client’s original bandage
C. Remove the bandage over the client’s original bandage
D. Do nothing; no further treatment is required if the bleeding is not excessive
Apply another bandage over the client’s original bandage
An extremely upset client calls the hospital. Her small poodle has stopped breathing and she cannot feel a heartbeat. What should the next recommendation be?
A. Attempt no treatment; immediately transport the pet to the hospital
B. Attempt mouth-to-mouth resuscitation and chest compressions; immediately transport the pet to the hospital
C. Start chest compression immediately and provide mouth-to-snout breaths while closing the dog’s mouth at a 30 compression to 2 breaths ratio, and immediately transport the pet to the hospital
D. Attempt resuscitation; transport the pet to the hospital if attempts at resuscitation are unsuccessful
Start chest compression immediately and provide mouth-to-snout breaths while closing the dog’s mouth at a 30 compression to 2 breaths ratio, and immediately transport the pet to the hospital
How should a patient with a potential spinal injury be transported to the hospital?
A. Sitting
B. Standing
C. Lying on a flat board
D. Moving as it wishes
Lying on a flat board
A patient with a possible herniated intervertebral disk should be:
A. Allowed to move freely, and if no improvement is evident after 24hrs, see the vet
B. Allowed to move freely; immediately see the vet
C. Kept strictly quiet and confined; if no improvement is evident in 24hrs, see the vet
D. Kept strictly quiet and confined; see the vet immediately
Kept strictly quiet and confined; see the vet immediately
Four patients present at the same time with emergency conditions. In which order should the patients be triaged?
A. Dyspnea, dystocia, proptosis, laceration
B. Proptosis, dyspnea, dystocia, laceration
C. Laceration, dystocia, dyspnea, proptosis
D. Dystocia, proptosis, laceration, dyspnea
Dyspnea, dystocia, proptosis, laceration
Which of these items would be least useful on a crash cart used for emergency situations?
A. Laryngoscope
B. Intravenous catheter
C. Otoscope
D. Ambu bag
Otoscope
A patient who is apneic and cyanotic enters the practice. A quick oral examination shows a hard ball lodged in the glottal opening. Which of the following options should be performed next?
A. Place the patient in an oxygen cage
B. Attempt to pass a nasal oxygen catheter
C. Attempt to pass an endotracheal tube
D. Perform the heimlich maneuver; if unsuccessful, prepare the patient for tracheotomy
Perform the heimlich maneuver; if unsuccessful, prepare the patient for tracheotomy
A 16-year-old, 3-kg poodle is presented to the hospital with cyanosis, agonal respirations, and frothy fluid coming from the nose and mouth. Knowing the treatments that the doctor is likely to order, you prepare to:
A. Administer intravenous fluids at 90 mL/kg/hr
B. Administer furosemide intramuscularly, and place the patient in an oxygen cage
C. Suction the airway and initiate the cardiopulmonary resuscitation
D. Assist with an immediate tracheostomy
Suction the airway and initiate cardiopulmonary resuscitation
The veterinarian has authorized you to start infusing intravenous fluids in a 0.25-kg Yorkshire terrier puppy that is critically ill. You are unable to insert a catheter into a jugular or cephalic vein. An alternate site that can be used to administer large volumes of fluids is the:
A. Medullary cavity of the femer
B. Carotid artery
C. Lingual vein
D. Ear vein
Medullary cavity of the femur
The veterinarian has directed you to give a whole blood transfusion to a 0.3-kg kitten with severe anemia from flea infestation. You are unable to insert an intravenous or intraosseous catheter. Which of the following would be the most effective alternate route to administer the blood effectively?
A. Subcutaneous injection
B. Intramuscular injection
C. Intraperitoneal injection
D. Per os
Intraperitoneal injection
You are instructing a client to apply an emergency muzzle to his injured dog. Which of these is the least appropriate material for the muzzle?
A. Rope
B. Metal Chain dog leash
C. Pantyhose
D. Necktie
Metal chain dog leash
Which of the following is least likely to be available for at-home induction of emesis?
A. Apomorphine
B. Syrup of ipecac
C. Hydrogen peroxide
D. Salt
Apomorphine
Which of the following is not performed when treating acute gastric dilatation/volvulus?
A. Induction of emesis
B. Placement of an intravenous catheter
C. Passing of a gastric tube
D. Trocharization of the stomach
Induction of emesis
All of the following might be included in emergency treatment for epistaxis, except:
A. Placing dilute epinephrine into the nares
B. Fresh frozen plasma transfusion
C. Applying a warm compress to the nose
D. Keep the patient quiet
Applying a warm compress to the nose
Which statement concerning the administration of activated charcoal via stomach tube is least accurate?
A. Check tube placement by administering a small amount of water; listen for coughing or gagging
B. Measure the tube from the tip of the nose to the 13th rib
C. Measure the tube from the tip of the nose to the thoracic inlet
D. Use a roll of tape as a speculum to keep the mouth open and to prevent the animal from biting the tube
Measure the tube from the tip of the nose to the thoracic inlet
A client calls and says that his Rottweiler has been shot in the abdomen with a BB gun but appears perfectly fine. What should be recommended?
A. Observe the animal at home for vomiting or abdominal pain
B. See the vet immediately
C. See the vet at earliest convenience
D. Observe the animal for hemorrhage
See the vet immediately
