ER and Golgi Flashcards
What is an endosome?
a membrane-bounded compartment inside eukaryotic cells
What happens in exocytosis?
Where a transport vesicle fuses with the plasma membrane and its contents are released into the extracellular space, while the vesicle becomes continuous with the plasma membrane.
What happens in endocytosis?
Where a plasma membrane patch is internalised forming a transport vesicle, the contents being derived from the extracellular space.
What are the three types of endocytosis?
- phagocytosis
- pinocytosis
- receptor-mediated cytosis
How do vesicles know where to go?
Molecular markers on the cytosolic surface
What are the three types of coated vesicles?
- Clathrin-coated
- COPI-coated
- COPII-coated
What structures do clathrin-coated vesicles transport between?
- Golgi to endosomes
- Membrane to endosomes
What structures do COPI-coated vesicles transport between?
- Golgi and ER
- Golgi and plasma membrane
What structures do COPII-coated vesicles transport between?
- Between the ER and golgi
What are adaptor proteins?
Another major coat component in clathrin-coated-vesicles that form a layer between the clathrin-coat and the cell membrane
What do **adaptor **proteins do?
Capture transmembrane proteins that can transport cargo into the vesicle
What controls recognition of membranes?
SNARES:
- V-SNARES (vesicles)
- T-SNARES (target)
Recognition of target membranes is assisted by what enzyme?
Rab GTPases
In what type of coat does a vesicle leave the ER in?
COPII
What are some of the modifications the golgi apparatus carries out?
What are the two secretory pathwatys?
Constitutive and regulated
What are the three pathways to form lysosomes?
- phagocytosis
- endocytosis
- autophagy
