Equity & Fixed Income Flashcards
Frequency of interest payments to bondholders
Semiannual
Equivalent of 100 basis points
1%
Relationship between bond prices and bond yields
Inverse
A bond that is priced below par
Discount
An unsecured corporate bond
Debenture
Most senior form of corporate bond
Secured
Security with the most junior claim in a corporate liquidation
Common stock
Agency debt that is backed in full by the U.S. government
Ginnie Mae
Considered the safest form of debt issued in the U.S.
U.S. Government bonds and notes
Taxable at the federal level; may be exempt from taxation at the state level
U.S. Government bonds and notes
Of YTC, YTM and CY, the yield that is highest when a bond is trading at a premium and is callable
Nominal Yield
Of YTM, YTC and CY, the yield that is highest when a bond is trading at a discount and is callable
Yield to call (YTC)
Of YTM, YTC and CY, the yield that is lowest when a bond is trading at a discount
Nominal Yield
Of YTM, YTC and CY, the yield that is lowest when a bond is trading at a premium and is callable
Yield to call (YTC)
Amount a bondholder receives at maturity of an ABC 9% bond
$1045 (par + 1 semiannual interest payment)
Amount of interest paid every 6 months on 5 XYZ 6% bonds
$150 ($30 semiannual interest per bond)
Securities that are not represented by a physical certificate
Book Entry securities
Interest payment varies based on performance of an index
Variable rate or adjustable rate bonds
Fixed rate equity security that responds to market conditions like a bond
Preferred stock
The date in the future at which a bondholder receives principal
Maturity
Of long-term and short-term bonds, which generally pays a higher interest amount?
Long-term bonds
Of long-term and short-term bonds, which generally has lower price volatility?
Short-term bonds
The degree of risk associated with an issuer’s ability to repay the principal
Credit or default risk
A bond that is rated BBB- or above by Standard and Poor’s
Investment Grade
A bond that may be redeemed by the issuer prior to its maturity date
Callable bond
Risk that a bond may be called prior to maturity
Call risk
The process of calling bonds when interest rates have fallen
Refunding
Issuer funds set aside in advance of a call
Sinking fund
Allows the issuer to call bonds before maturity if certain specified events occur
Catastrophe clause
Specific time period from date of issue when a bond cannot be called
Call Protection Period
Type of bond issue that is not typically callable
U.S. Government bonds (Treasury bonds)
Risk that proceeds from a called bond cannot be invested as favorably
Reinvestment risk
Annual interest divided by current market price
Current Yield (CY)
Environment in which longer-term bonds have higher yields than short-term securities
Normal yield curve
Corporate instruments with a maturity of no more than 270 days
Commercial paper
Maximum maturity of commercial paper
270 days
Bonds backed only by the good faith of the issuing corporation
Unsecured bonds or debentures
Protects bondholder through a written agreement between issuer and trustee
Trust Indenture
Typically backed by real estate holding of a corporation
Mortgage bond
Typically secured by other securities owned by the corporation
Collateral Trust bond
Secured by physical assets owned by the company
Equipment trust certificates
Allow for the exchange of debt for equity issued by the same corporation
Convertible debt