Equine Science - Griffiths Ch. 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Fossil evidence of the earliest horses in North America were found in what region of the United States?

A

Great Plains

Equine Science - Griffiths pg. 5

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2
Q

The modern-day horse is a member of the larger horse family known as what?

A

Equidae

Equine Science - Griffiths pg. 6

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3
Q

Fossil evidence shows that the earliest members of the Equidae family had how many toes on each foot?

A

4

Equine Science - Griffiths pg. 6

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4
Q

True or False: The horse is an herbivore.

A

True

Equine Science - Griffiths pg. 6

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5
Q

What is an herbivore?

A

A grass-eater

Equine Science - Griffiths pg. 6

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6
Q

True or False: The horse is a simple-stomached, non-ruminant animal.

A

True

Equine Science - Griffiths pg. 6

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7
Q

What is a ruminant animal?

A

Cud-chewing animal

Equine Science - Griffiths pg. 6

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8
Q

What is a non-ruminant animal?

A

Non-cud-chewing animal

Equine Science - Griffiths pg. 6

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9
Q

What is considered the first “true” horse?

A

Equus

Equine Science - Griffiths pg. 6

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10
Q

This is a two-part question:
Equus had 1 toe and 2 side bones on each foot. What are those side bones known as today and where are they located?

A

They are known as splint bones and they are positioned to either side of the cannon bone of the horse.

Equine Science - Griffiths pg. 6

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11
Q

True or False: The horse and its close relatives are the only single-toed animals in the world today.

A

True

Equine Science - Griffiths pg. 6

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12
Q

Where did the modern-day Equus originate?

A

North America

Equine Science - Griffiths pg. 7

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13
Q

When did Equus disappear from North America?

A

During the era of the Ice Age.

Equine Science - Griffiths pg. 7

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14
Q

How do scientists hypothesize that the horse got from North America to Asia?

A

Across a land bridge between Alaska and Siberia that is now under water that is known today as the Bering Strait.

Equine Science - Griffiths pg. 7

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15
Q

Approximately how tall was Eohippus?

A

About 1 foot tall; the size of a beagle or large house cat.

Equine Science - Griffiths pg. 9

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16
Q

To what zoological kingdom does the horse belong?

A

Animalia

Equine Science - Griffiths pg. 15

17
Q

What is the species name of the modern-day horse and its close wild relatives?

A

Equus Caballus

Equine Science - Griffiths pg. 15

18
Q

How many chromosome pairs do horses and ponies have?

A

32 pairs (64 “diploid” chromosomes)

Equine Science - Griffiths pg. 16

19
Q

Name two ways in which donkeys are different than horses.

A

They have one fewer chromosome pair, and they have chestnuts on the insides of only the front legs, not on the hind legs.

Equine Science - Griffiths pg. 16