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Large Animal Anatomy > Equine Musculoskeletal 4 > Flashcards

Equine Musculoskeletal 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 muscle groups of the hip and thigh?

A

gluteals, hamstrings, adductors, quadriceps

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2
Q

List the 4 gluteal mm.

A

tensor fascia latae, superficial gluteal, middle gluteal, deep gluteal

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3
Q

Where does the middle gluteal insert?

A

third trochanter

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4
Q

Tensor fasciae latae action

A

flex hip

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5
Q

Superficial gluteal action

A

flex hip

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6
Q

Middle gluteal action

A

extend hip

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7
Q

Deep gluteal action

A

flex hip

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8
Q

What is the origin of the hamstrings?

A

caudal vertebra and sacrosciatic ligament and ischial tuberosity

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9
Q

List the hamstrings

A

biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus

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10
Q

What are the adductors

A

sartorius, gracilis, adductor, pectineus

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11
Q

What additional action does sartorius have other than adduct the hip?

A

flexes hip

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12
Q

List the 4 heads of quadriceps femoris

A

vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, rectus femoris, vastus intermedius

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13
Q

Insertion of the heads of quadriceps femoris

A

vastus lateralis- femur
vastus medialis- femus
rectus femoris- coxal bone
vastus intermedius- femur

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14
Q

Actions of the heads of quadriceps femoris

A

vastus lateralis- extends stifle
vastus medialis- extends stifle
rectus femoris- extends stifle and flexes hip
vastus intermedius- extends stifle

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15
Q

Insertion of the heads of quadriceps femoris

A

on patella or parapatellar cartilage

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16
Q

Craniolateral muscles of the leg

A

cranial tibial, long digital extensor, lateral digital extensor

17
Q

Long digital extensor OIA

A

O: extensor fossa femur
I: extensor process P3
A:

18
Q

Lateral digital extensor OIA

A

O:
I:
A:

19
Q

What is the fibrous strand of connective tissue that runs with cranial tibial m. and long digital extensor m.

A

peroneus tertius

20
Q

What is the functional significance of peroneus tertius?

A

crosses stifle and hock, ensures they have the same action at the same time (reciprocal apparatus)

21
Q

What does the cranial tibial tendon divide into?

A

medial branch- cunean tendon
dorsal tendon of cranial tibial m.

22
Q

What does peroneus tertius divide into

A

dorsal tendon of peroneus teritus
lateral tendon of peroneus tertius

23
Q

Where does the cunean tendon insert

A

tarsal I/II

24
Q

Where does the dorsal tendon of peroneus tertius insert

A

metatarsal tuberosity of the cannon bone

25
Q

Where does the lateral tendon of peroneus tertius insert

A

tarsal IV

26
Q

Which tendon of the hock has a bursa?

A

cunean tendon

27
Q

List the long digital extensor retinaculum from proximal to distal

A

proximal extensor retinaculum->middle extensor retinaculum->distal extensor retinaculum

28
Q

List the caudal muscles of the crus

A

popliteus, gastrocnemius, soleus, SDF, DDF

29
Q

What makes up the common calcaneal tendon

A

biceps femoris, semitendinosus, gastrocnemius, soleus, SDF

30
Q

Where does gastrocnemius insert?

A

calcanean tuber

31
Q

Where does SDF insert

A

flexor surfaces of P1 and P2

32
Q

What is the purpose of the reciprocal apparatus?

A

makes sure the stifle and hock do the same action at the same time

33
Q

List the heads of the DDF

A

medial, lateral, tibial heads

34
Q

Which flexor has a check ligament?

A

DDF has reduced distal check ligament

35
Q

Where does DDF insert

A

P3

36
Q

How many bursa does tarus have

A

calcaneal bursa under SDF, bursa under DDF, cunean ligament bursa

37
Q

What binds down tendons

A

retinacula

38
Q

What is the stay apparatus

A

patella is brought proximally over medial trochlea ridge of femur and locks into place

39
Q

What prevents hyperextension and collapse of MCP, PIP, and DIP joints

A

distal limb soft tissue structures

Large Animal Anatomy (4 decks)

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