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Large Animal Anatomy > Equine Musculoskeletal 1 > Flashcards

Equine Musculoskeletal 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What makes up “knee”

A

carpal bones

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2
Q

What is the cannon bone

A

metacarpal III

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3
Q

what is the long pastern bone

A

proximal phalanx (P1)

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4
Q

what is the short pastern bone

A

intermediate phalanx (P2)

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5
Q

What is the coffin bone

A

distal phalanx (P3)

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6
Q

Compared to the dog, the equine scapula has a more ______ shape.

A

triangular

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7
Q

Equine scapula has a __________ on the spine that may be palpable in underweight animals.

A

tubercle

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8
Q

The ________ of the scapula is absent in the pig and horse.

A

acromion

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9
Q

The equine scapula has a ________ serrated face.

A

divided

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10
Q

The equine scapula has a LARGE ________ compared to the dog scapula.

A

supraglenoid tubercle

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11
Q

The greater tubercle of the humerus is divided into _______ in the horse

A

cranial and caudal portions

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12
Q

The _________ of the humerus of the horse is much bigger compared to dogs.

A

deltoid tuberosity

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13
Q

There is a ______________ in middle of intertubercular groove of the humerus.

A

intermediate tubercle

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14
Q

The ______ and _____ are fused in the equine thoracic limb.

A

radius and ulna

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15
Q

Reduction of digits in the horse starts as far proximal as the _________

A

radius and ulna

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16
Q

What metacarpus do horses have

A

III

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17
Q

What do horses have at the condyle of metacarpal III

A

median ridge that articulates with P1

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18
Q

What are metacarpals II and IV called in the horse

A

splint bones

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19
Q

What splint bone tends to be longer in the horse

A

II

20
Q

Which splint bones are on which side in the horse?

A

II-medial
IV-lateral

21
Q

What is the end of the splint bone called that is palpable in horses.

A

button

22
Q

What is the bone called that articulates with P2 and P3

A

navicular

23
Q

What do horses have at the distal end of the metacarpal III

A

proximal sesamoids

24
Q

What is another name for navicular bone

A

distal sesamoid

25
Q

What joint in the horse thoracic limb doesn’t have collateral ligaments.

A

humeral joint

26
Q

What structure glides through the intertubercular groove?

A

biceps brachii tendon

27
Q

What are the 2 parts of the medial collateral ligaments of elbow joint?

A

short and long parts

28
Q

Initial flexion of the elbow is prohibited by

A

collateral ligaments

29
Q

List the bones of the proximal carpal row from medial to lateral

A

radial carpal —–> intermediate carpal bone —> ulnar carpal bone

30
Q

List the bones of the distal carpal row from medial to lateral

A

carpal bone II —> carpal bone III —> carpal bone IV

31
Q

What protuberance is on the medial side of metacarpal bone III

A

tuberosity of metacarpal III

32
Q

sometimes horses may have a ____ bone or less commonly a ____ bone

A

carpal bone I; carpal bone V

33
Q

List the joints of the carpus from proximal to distal

A

radiocarpal joint->middle carpal joint->carpometacarpal joint

34
Q

What 2 joints in the equine carpus are connected and where are they connected?

A

middle carpal and carpometacarpal joint; connected between 2nd and 3rd metacarpal

35
Q

Where is the injection site for the middle carpal/carpometacarpal joints?

A

medial to extensor carpi radialis muscle

36
Q

What 2 joints in the equine carpus have the highest ranges of motion?

A

radiocarpal and middle carpal

37
Q

What 3 structures make up the carpal canal?

A

palmar carpal ligament, accessory carpal bone, flexor retinaculum

38
Q

What structure pulls done extensor tendon?

A

extensor retinaculum

39
Q

What is the function of the palmar carpal ligament?

A

prevents hyperextension

40
Q

What travels through carpal canal

A

flexor tendons

41
Q

What are the 2 portions of the metacarpophalangeal joint?

A

dorsal and palmar joint pouches

42
Q

What is another name for the metacarpophalangeal joint?

A

fetlock/ankle

43
Q

What joint is between P1 and P2?

A

proximal interphalangeal joint

44
Q

What joint is between P2 and P3?

A

distal interphalangeal joint

45
Q

What part of limb causes 90% of lamness?

A

hoof

Large Animal Anatomy (4 decks)

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