Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Equine Medicine & Surgery > Equine Dermatology > Flashcards

Equine Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

Horse presents with hair loss. The horse is pruritic and the client states that it has been getting worse since the end of Fall. Client noticed that another horse in the neighboring stall in their barn has similar signs, but not as severe. What is a likely diagnosis?

A

ectoparasites-Lice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

why does lice get worse in the winter?

A

that is when the nits hatch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the two lice that are host specific to horses?

A

sucking louse- Haematopinus asini

biting louse- Damalinia equi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which type of lice affects the mane and tail areas on a horse?

A

Haematopinus asini

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Why, when treating lice, does topical pyrethrin need to be used repeatedly?

A

it does not affect the nits, so must wait for them to hatch to kill the lice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What other treatments may be used to treat lice infestations?

A

Ivermectin/moxidectin
fipronil
disinfect environment, too

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What clinical signs are associate with mange in horses?

A

intense pruritus, crusting, exudation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are two reportable types of mange and what area of the horse do they affect?

A

sarcoptic mange- head and neck

Psoroptic mange- mane and tail

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What types of horses are predisposed to Chorioptic (leg) mange?

A

draft horses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What can be used to treat mange?

A

clip hair from feathers and pastern
ivermectin, moxidectin, topical pyrethrin
decontaminate premises
frontline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q 
It is late summer and a horse presents with pruritus. Client said he noticed the horse's discomfort yesterday and went on a ride through tall prairie grasses the day before. On PE, you see wheals of orange, red, and yellow dots over the horse's limbs. What treatment would be best for this patient?
A. Frontline
B. ivermectin
C. prednisolone
D. clip hair and treat with flea shampoo
A

C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what time of the year are ticks more likely to cause problems with horses?

A

spring and summer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

3yr old Horse presents in the summer with patchy alopecia of the head and ventral midline. Some affected areas have cutaneous ulceration. How to diagnose the problem in this case?

A

minced skin preparation yields microfilaria of Onchocerca

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

T/F: Culicoides hypersensitivity is a heritable condition

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is atopy?

A

inhaled allergen produces a cutaneous reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Horse presents in April with crusted, moist mats of hair along the dorsum. The skin is ulcerated and moist. There are patches of alopecia along the back and sides of the horse. What test would help to diagnose this case?
What is causing the problem in the horse with crusty, moist skin?

A

impression smear of the crust on the horse

Dermatophilus congolensis or rain scald

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How to treat rain scald? (Dermatophilus congolensis)

A

bathe horse with clorhexidine, sedate horse if painful, and admin systemic penicillin.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the most common contagious skin disease of horses?

A

Ringworm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What type of lesion will help pinpoint you to a diagnosis of ringworm?

A

circumferential spread or bulls-eye lesion

20
Q

What is the best way to definitely diagnose ringworm?

A

Biopsy

21
Q 
Best way to treat ringworm in horses:
A. systemic antifungals
B. OTC topical antifungal and disinfect potential fomites
C.Ivermectin
D. prednisolone
A

B

22
Q 
Pemphigus foliaceous is what type of hypersensitivity reaction?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
A

B. Type 2

23
Q

Which animal has a better prognosis with pemphigus foliaceous- young animal or older animal?

A

Young animal

24
Q

What are your top differentials for a distal limb dermatitis?

A
  • bacterial pastern folliculitis
  • scratches
  • dew poisoning
  • mud fever
  • greasy heel
  • rainscald, fungal, staph
25
Q

What causes primary photosensitization? What organ, when affected, can cause secondary photosensitization?

A

primary- plants

second-liver

26
Q 
Hives is what type of hypersensitivity?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
A

A. Hives is a type 1 hypersensitivity

27
Q

Horse presents with masses on the skin along the neck and withers. Doesnt seem to be painful or pruritic to the horse. The masses are small, haired, raised, and hard on palpation. What are these masses and how to treat?

A 
Nodular necrobiosis
intralesional triamcinolone (steroid)
28
Q

What causes warts around the muzzle, eyes and ears in horses?

A

Papilloma virus

29
Q

Is sporothrix schenckii zoonotic?

A

yes- can enter traumatic wounds

30
Q

What are some adverse effects associated with iodide treatment in horses?

A

dry skin, tearing, coughing, abortion

31
Q

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis lesions are (anechoic/hyperechoic) on ultrasound.

A

anechoic

32
Q

What is the hallmark of pythiosis?

A

hard white to yellow gritty masses in draining tracts

33
Q

what are your treatment options for pythiosis?

A
  • surgical excision
  • topical ketoconazole and DMSO
  • regional antifungal therapy
34
Q

What are the three types of sarcoid skin tumors?

A

flat/occult
verrucous
fibroblastic

35
Q

What is the problem with treating sarcoids with Xxterra?

A
  • not FDA approved

- may cause cosmetic issues (shrivel up the ear if lesion is on the ear)

36
Q

What is a cosmetic problem with treating sarcoids with liquid nitrogen?

A

causes the hair to grow in white

37
Q

What areas are affected by SCC?

A

eyes, vulva, prepuce

38
Q

Firm, nodular, dermal, hairless black masses on a grey horse. What is the likely differential?

A

Melanoma

39
Q

What causes depigmentation without trauma? What is it called when there is depigmentation due to trauma or disease?

A

w/o trauma- Vitiligo

w trauma/dz- Leukoderma

40
Q

What is the name for the inherited disorder in QH resulting in a dorsal distribution of linear crusting lesions in a reticulated pattern?

A

Reticulated Leukotrichia

41
Q

Horse has swelling over withers, draining tracts from the withers. What is this?

A

fistulous withers- bacti infection of supraspinous bursa

42
Q

How to diagnose hyperelastosis cutis?

A

signalment and clinical signs, genetic testing

43
Q

HERDA or hyperelastosis cutis

A

inherited autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder. It develops from a homozygous recessive mutation that weakens collagen fibers that allow the skin of the animal to stay connected to the rest of the animal. Affected horses have extremely fragile skin that tears easily and exhibits impaired healing. In horses with HC, the skin separates between the deep and superficial dermis. There is no cure. Most individuals receive an injury they cannot heal, and are euthanized. Managed breeding strategy is currently the only option for reducing the incidence of the disease.

44
Q

sporothrix schenckii

A

a thermally dimorphic fungus that can be found world-wide. The species is present in soil, and in vital and decomposing plant material such as peat moss

45
Q

Xxterra

A

a herbal formulation containing bloodroot powder and Zink chloride solution combined and stirred in to a smooth brown paste

The main ingredient is Bloodroot (Sanguinaria Canadensis), an herbal plant that grows abundantly in the southern parts of the United States. It contains the alkaloids sanguinarine, protopine, and chelarythrine, the most important being Sanguinarine. The plant was first used by Native Americans for skin conditions, and has been used since then.

46
Q

Sarcoids

A

The term Sarcoid is used to describe various skin tumors in horses. Sarcoid comes in all sizes and shapes and general only affect the skin. Sarcoids can be benign but also malignant. Therefore veterinary advice should always be sought in cases of sarcoids.

Equine Medicine & Surgery (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions