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Anesthesia > Equine Anesthesia > Flashcards

Equine Anesthesia Flashcards

0
Q

TPR normals

A

T 99-101
P 30-40bpm
R 10-20bpm

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1
Q

Physical exam includes-

A

TPR, MM/CRT, GI sounds, weight

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2
Q

MM/CRT normal

A

Pale pink, <2 secs

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3
Q

Types of anesthesia

A

Sedation and standing chemical restraint, and GA

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4
Q

Sedation/standing chemical restraint includes

A

5 point stance - less injury to horse and personnel. Used for diagnostic and minor surgical procedures

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5
Q

Drugs for standing chemical restraint

A

Phenothiazine tranquilizer (ace), alpha-2 agonists (xylazine, detomidine), neuroleptanalgesics

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6
Q

4 categories of GA

A

Pre- anesthetic phase
Induction phase
Maintenance/monitoring
Recovery

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7
Q

Withhold food or water for ______hrs. Water is _____

A

8-12, okay

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8
Q

Pre-anesthetic IVC

A

14ga, 5” IV catheter. Left jugular vein

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9
Q

Surgical fluids

A

10mls/kg/hr – same as small animal

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10
Q

Pre-anesthetic grooming

A

Very important- brush, pick hooves, rinse mouth with dose syringe to remove hay from being pushed into the trachea

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11
Q

PA drugs

A

Anticholinergics, tranq. (Pheno, benzo), sedatives (alpha-2 agonists), opioids

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12
Q

Induction drugs

A

Dissociatives (ketamine, tiletamine), barbiturates

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13
Q

Guaifenesin

A

Skeletal muscle relaxant, little cardiovascular/respiratory depression

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14
Q

Phenylbutazone

A

Antiinflammatory- non steroidal. “Bute”

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15
Q

Induction purpose

A

Produce unconscious to intubation

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16
Q

TIVA, triple drip or GKX anesthesia

A

Xylazine
Guaifenesin
Ketamine
*this combo provides sedation, analgesia, muscle relaxation and unconsciousness

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17
Q

Lidocaine CRI

A

Used to provide analgesia- lowers MAC, improves guy motility

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18
Q

Res bag size for horse

A

15-30L

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19
Q

O2 flow rate

A

1st 10minutes= 8-12L O2/min to quickly increase gas concentration in rebreathing system and horse

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20
Q

CO2 absorber

A

Larger- replace after 6 hours

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21
Q

Average ET tube size

A

26mm 14-foals, 30-drafts. Brown gauze to tie in

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22
Q

ET tube placement

A

Intubate in later recumbency, blind intubation

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23
Q

ECG monitoring

A

2nd degree heart block common- treat with atropine If bradycardic

24
Q

Arterial catheter size

A

20ga, 1”

25
Q

Arterial catheter sites

A

Transverse facial, submandibular, metatarsal. Choice will be on recumbency

26
Q

Aneroid manometer reads:

A

MAP only

27
Q

Systolic and MAP normals

A

> 90mmHg

>70mmHg

28
Q

Hypotension intervention

A

Turn down cap, increase fluids, inotropic drugs

29
Q

Recovery room

A

Quiet, padded
Free- close doors, leave room
Assisted- use ropes, help horse up

30
Q

T/F horse tend to become hypoxic in recovery due to airway obstruction

A

True

31
Q

Common complications with airways in recovery

A

Soft palate displacement, nasal and pharyngeal edema (esp when anesthesia last >1hr).
Use O2 demand valve, leave ET tide in for as long as possible

32
Q

Anticholinergics

A

Atropine, glycopyrrolate

33
Q

Phenothiazine tranquiler

A

Acepromazine 3mg max. Lasts 4-8-24hrs

34
Q

Benzodiazepine tranquilizers

A

Diazepam (valium)
Midazolam (versed)
Zolezapam (in telazol)

35
Q

Benzodiazepine tranquilizer reversal

A

Flumazenil

36
Q

Alpha-2 agonists (sedatives)

A

Xylazine (rompun)
Medetomidine (domitor)
Dexmedetomidine (dexdomitor)

37
Q

Xylazine reversal

A

Yohimbine (yobine)

38
Q

Medetomidine, dexmedetomidine reversal

A

Antipamezole

39
Q

Low to high solubility

A

Sevo
Iso
Hal
Methoxyflurane

40
Q

Low to high MAC

A

Methoxyflurane
Halothane
Iso
Sevo

41
Q

Propofol side effects

A

Transient apnea, hypotension

42
Q

Cychlohexamine side effects

A

Apneustic respiration

43
Q

Ultra short barbiturates

A

Methohexital, thiopental

44
Q

Short barbiturate

A

Pentobarbital- euthanasia

45
Q

Long barbiturates

A

Phenobarbital

46
Q

Barbiturates recovery requires:

A

Redistribution from brain to other tissues, esp. fat

47
Q

Ketamine IV duration

A

3-10min

48
Q

Ketamine IM duration for dog and cat

A

Dog 20-30min

Cat 30-60min

49
Q

Propofol duration

A

5-10min

50
Q

Halothane metabolized:

A

20%

51
Q

Iso metabolized

A

0.2%

52
Q

Iso depth changes in:

A

1-2 min

53
Q

Iso induction and maintenance setting

A

Induction 2.5%

Maintenance 1.5-2.5%

54
Q

Sevo metabolized

A

3%

55
Q

Sevo depth changes in

A

3-4 breaths

56
Q

Sevo induction and maintenance settings

A

Induction 4%

Maintenance 2.5-4%

57
Q

Induction chamber setting for Iso and sevo

A

Iso 3-5%

Sevo 6-8%

Anesthesia (2 decks)

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