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Animal Health and Welfare > Equine > Flashcards

Equine Flashcards

1
Q

Colt

A

Male entire <4yr old (thotoughbred) or <3yr for other breeds

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2
Q

Mare

A

female >4 years old or over

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3
Q

Filly

A

female<4 years

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4
Q

Gelding

A

male horse of any age that has been castrated

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5
Q

Stallion

A

uncastrated male >4 years old

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6
Q

Broodmare

A

a mare kept for breeding

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7
Q

dam

A

mother of a horse

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8
Q

Sire

A

male parent of a horse

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9
Q

Horse

A

breeds which are over 14.2 hands at maturity

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10
Q

Pony

A

Breeds which are 14.2 hands or under at maturity

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11
Q

Type

A

used to describe horses which have a specific function

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12
Q

How do you measure the height of a horse

A

Height from the ground to the top of the withers

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13
Q

What are the regulatory organisations for thoroughbred racing

A
  • British horse racing authority

- Horserace betting levy board

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14
Q

What limits the clinical use of drugs in horses

A

they are recognised as a food producing animal

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15
Q

Why do horses need a passport

A
  • legal requirement
  • passport issuing organisations know location of horses in the UK (important in disease outbreaks)
  • records drug administration
  • offical record of horse’s breeding
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16
Q

What age should horses be identified by a passport

A

after 6 months of age

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17
Q

What are the types of bands of feral horses

A

Harem/ family
Mare and offspring
Bachelor

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18
Q

What are the requirements for a stable

A
  • a suitable size
  • have adequate ventilation and drainage
  • free from draughts/ water damage
    = allow free access to water
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19
Q

List examples of good grassland management

A
  • access to fresh, clean water
  • access to good quality grass
  • droppings removed weekly
  • access to natural or articial shelter
  • appropriate and well maintained fencing
  • appropriate stocking density
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20
Q

List examples of routine pasture management

A
  • removal of faeces
  • fertilising and ‘topping’ pasture to promote root growth
  • ‘rest’ paddocks in between seasons or rotate animal species
21
Q

List some poisonous plants for horses

A 
Ragwort= liver damage, often fatal signs 
Sycamore= toxin reduces or inhibits energy production
22
Q

List common stereotypies for horses

A

wind-sucking
crib-biting
box-walking
weaving

23
Q

List preventative health care for horses

A

Annual vaccinations
Farrier
Worming
Dental care

24
Q

Describe annual vaccinations for horses

A

as a minimum horses need to vaccinated against equine influenza and tetanus. Annual boosters are needed

25
Q

Describe the farrier

A

feet need to be trimmed and replacement shoes by a registered farrier every 4-8 weeks

26
Q

List common equine diseases

A

Tetanus= life-threatening bacterial disease
Equine influenza= viral disease
Strangles= bacterial disease
Equine herpes virus= respiratory virus

27
Q

What do you need to know to complete a passport

A
  • recognise and describe equine coat colours
  • identify and describe white facial and leg marking
  • identify and describe additional characteristics and aquired marks
  • identify key characteristics using the correct symbols
  • use the correct pen colours when recording the above details on an equine silhouette
28
Q

Where is the microchip placed in a horse

A

Nuchal ligament at the top of the left mid crest

29
Q

What do you need to do before implanting a microchip

A
  • always scan the neck for the presence of a microchip

- test that the microchip is working

30
Q

What do you need to do after implanting the microchip

A

rescan the implantation site to confirm successful implantation

31
Q

Bay horse

A

Main body can vary from light to dark. Mane, tail and lower limbs predominantly black

32
Q

Brown horse

A

Dark brown, almost black body. Black main, tail and lower limbs

33
Q

Black horse

A

Black body (no other colours present). Black mane, tail and lower limbs

34
Q

Chestnut horse

A

Main body can vary from light to dark. Lower limbs can be white or the same as the body

35
Q

Grey horse

A

Not white. Several shade/variations of grey exist. Horse will have black skin

36
Q

Piebald horse

A

Body coat consists of irregular patches of black and white. The line of demarcation between the two colours is generally well defined

37
Q

Skewbald horse

A

Body coat consists of large irregular patches of white and of any definite colour except black. The line of demarcation between the 2 colours in generally well defined

38
Q

Cream / Cremello horse

A

Body coat is of cream colour, with unpigmented skin. The iris is deficient in pigment, and often doesn’t have any at all, this gives the eye a pinkish or bluish appearance

39
Q

Dun

A

The body coat is of a cream colour, with black mane and tail

40
Q

Palomino

A

Newly-minted gold coin colour (lighter or darker shaded are permissible), with a white/ flaxen mane and tail

41
Q

Roan

A

Body colour is a mixture of many white and brown or chestnut hairs and the intensity of this is subject to seasonal variation

42
Q

What colour pen should be used to indicate a white marking on a passport silhouette

A

Red ball point pen

43
Q

Which pattern indicates a white marking on a passport silhouette

A

The white marking needs to be outlined in the sketch and lightly hatched in with diagonal lines

44
Q

If a white mark has a border of mixed coloured and white hairs, how do you indicate this

A

To be used to describe a white marking which contains varying amounts of hairs of the general body colours

45
Q

What are equine whorls

A

areas in which the hair changes direction or ‘flow’

Must record the presence or absence of whorls on passport

46
Q

flesh mark=

A

patches where the pigment of the skin is absent

47
Q

prophet’s thumb=

A

is a muscular depression seen usually in the neck, but sometimes in the shoulders and occasionally in the hindquaters

48
Q

Wall eye=

A

when there is a lack of pigment, either partial or complete, in the iris as to give a pinkish-white or bluish-white appearance to the eye

49
Q

Dorsal stripe=

A

a dorsal band of black hairs which extends from the withers backwards

Animal Health and Welfare (6 decks)

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