Equilibrium Flashcards
Reactions can go both ways. These reactions are called ________ if its easily observed both ways
Reversible
Proceeds to complete OR irreversible means:
the reverse reaction is too slow to detect, only trace reactants remain (still in dynamic equilibrium)
Chemical equilibrium
State when concentrations of reactants and products reman constant over time (things stop changing)
On a graph what should chemical equilibrium look like
the lines are like parellel and straight like a equals (=) sign
At equilibrium, the ________ and ________ reactions occur at the ______ rate
forward, reverse, same
At equilibrium the ___________ are still ocurring, but there isn’t ____ ___ ___________
Reactions, NO NET REACTION
Chemical equilibria are ______ and ________
dynamic and reversible
aA + bB <–> cC dD equilibrium equation in a formula is what??
products on top reactants on bottom, a goes exponent A etc
Reversing the reaction is just
inverse it OR
K(rev) = 1/k(forward)
multiplying the reaction is just
Kc (double) =Kc²
or whatever it is multiplied by, put it as an exponent of original kC
adding reactions you can ______ ____ common multiples (reaction intermediates)
cancel out
Equilibrium constants are defined as _______ ______ and why?
Unitless quantities and cuz its DEFINED by the activity which is just moles divided by moles
Homogenous equilibria
only chemical change
Heterogeneous equilibria
Chemical change AND phase change
Pure _____ + _______ are ________ from equilibrium expressions because they are always in their ______ _____
Solids
liquids
excluded
standard state
ensure K is unitless, each MUST be unitless
for a species in solution:
for a gas:
species: ax= [X]/[X]ref (1.0M)
For a gas:
ax = P/Pref 1.0atm
ax = 1.0
