Equilibrium Flashcards
Define collision theory
Rate of reaction increases when there are more successful frequent collisions along with significant energy to collide
How do you calculate rate of reaction?
Rate moldm‐³‐¹ = concentration moldm³ ÷ time s
Why does rate of reaction increase with concentration and pressure?
There are more particles per unit volume so more successful frequent collisions.
What does the area under the line represent in a maxwell boltzmann distribution graph?
Total number of particles
Define a catalyst
Chemical that increases rate of reaction by creating an alternative path with lower activation energy without being used itself
What is a homogeneous catalyst?
A catalyst which is in the same state as the reactants
What is a heterogeneous catalyst?
A catalyst that is in a different stare to reactants
What is produced when using a homogeneous catalyst?
Water
Explain what happens when a heterogeneous catalyst is added to a reaction
Reactants adsorb to surface
Bonds in reactants weaken
New bonds form
Products desorb
Define le chatelier principle
When a system at equilibrium is subject to a change in conditions the system will change the position of equilibrium to oppose the changes in system
What is equilibrium?
When the rate is equal in both the forward and backward reaction
What are the titles of the X and Y axis on a maxwell boltzmann distribution graph?
X = energy
Y = number of particles
Why does the curve never start at the X axis on a maxwell distribution curve at high energy?
No particles have the maximum energy
How does temperature effect equilibrium?
An increase in temperature favours the endothermic reaction. The forward reaction is….. Therefore the….. reaction is favoured and the equilibrium moves towards the…..
How does pressure effect equilibrium?
An increase in pressure favours the side with fewest gas molecules. On the reactant side there are….gas molecules and on the product side there are….gas molecules. Therefore the…..are favoured and the equilibrium shifts to the…..
How do Catalysts effect equilibrium?
They don’t they only effect the time taken to reach equilibrium
How do you calculate KC for
aA + bB > cC + dD
KC = [C]c × [D]d ÷ [A]a × [B]b
What do square brackets mean?
Concentration of
What do square brackets mean?
Concentration of
