equilibrium Flashcards
what are reversible reactions
reactions that take place in both forward and reverse direction
What happens in an equilibrium system
rate of forward reaction is equal to the rate of the backward reaction
The concentration of reactants and products do not change
what does it mean that equilibrium systems are dynamic
at equilibrium the forward reaction and reverse reactions are taking place. As fast as the reactants are becoming products, the products are reacting to become reactants. Therefore in an equilibrium system the concentration of the reactants and products remain unchanged even though the forward and reverse reactions are still taking place
what is a closed system
for a reaction to remain in equilibrium the system must be closed
a closed system is isolated form its surrounding, so the temperature, pressure and concentration of the reactants and products are unaffected by outside influences
What is Le Chateliers principle
states that when a system in equilibrium is subjected to an external change of system read adjusts itself to minimise the effect of that change
what is the positon of equilibrium
indicates the extent of the reaction. In reversible reaction, if the temperature, pressure ( for reactions involving gas) or concentration of the reactants or products is changed then the position of equilibrium may change
what is the effect of concentration change on the equilibrium
changing the concentration of the reactant and product in an equilibrium system will change the rate of the forward and backward reaction. The position of equilibrium will then change
when an equilibrium system adjust as a result of change
if there are more products formed the position of the equilibrium has shifted to the right
If there are more reactants formed, the position of the equilibrium has shifted to the left
what do you do to equilibrium which is sensitive to change
1) Dissolve cobalt chloride in water in a biling tube. Add a small quantity of hydrochloric acid. Place the boiling tube in some iced water
2) Set up boiling water bath and transfer the boiling tube into the boiling water. The solution turns a blue colour
3)Transfer the boiling tube back to the iced water. The solution changes back to pink
Repeat steps 2 and 3 many times the colour will change from pink to blue
what happens to the shift of equqilibrium when water is boiled
the position of equilibrium will shift to minimise the change
As forward reaction is endothermic the position of equilibrium shifts to the right in the endothermic direction to take high energy in and minimise the increase in temperature
Solution turns blue
what happens when you decrease temp in a reaction
decreasing the temperature shifts the position of the equilibrium in the opposite direction, in the direction that gives out energy to reverse the exothermic side on the left
when you increase temp where does equilibrium shift
endothermic direction
when you decrease temp where does equilibrium shift
exothermic direction
in a exothermic reaction what happens when you increase temperature
position of equilibrium shifts to the left More reactants are made
in exothermic reaction what happens when temperature decrease
position of equilibrium shifts to right. More products made
