Equilibrium Flashcards
what happens if you add a reactant:
shifts RIGHT & Q<K
what happens if you remove reactant:
shifts left & Q>K
what happens if you add product:
shifts left & Q>K
what happens if you remove product:
shifts right & Q<K
what happens if you decrease the volume?
increase pressure, so it shifts to side with fewer gas molecules
what happens if you increase volume?
decrease pressure, so it shifts to side with more gas molecules
what happens if you add heat during endothermic reaction?
heat is reactant- shifts right
what happens if you add heat during exothermic reaction?
heat is product- shifts left
what happens if Q is greater or less than K?
Q>K: shift left
Q<K: shift right
what does a positive or negative Kc indicate?
positive: favor product
negative: favor reactant
what happens when delta H is negative and delta S is positive?
at any temperature is spontaneous
what happens when delta H is positive and delta S is negative?
nonspontaneous at any temperature
what happens when delta H is negative and delta S is negative?
spontaneous at low temperatures and non spontaneous at high temperatures
what happens when delta H is positive and delta S is positive?
nonspontaneous at low temperatures and spontaneous at high temperatures
what happens to a buffer of HX/X- when a strong acid is added:
X- + H+ -> HX (weak acid) so [X-] decrease and [HX] increase
what happens to a buffer of HX/X- when strong base is added:
OH- + HX -> X- + H2O so [X-] increase and [HX] decrease
what will a CB of a strong acid and CA of weak base do?
ph <7
what will a CB of a weak acid and CA of weak base do?
pH increase or decrease depending on which stronger
what will a CB of a strong acid and CA of strong base do?
pH=7
what will a CB of weak acid and CA of strong base?
pH >7
what happens to delta G when Q changes in the Nernst Equation?
Q large -> delta G more positive so less spontaneous in forward
Q small -> delta G more negative so more spontaneous in forward
what happens if delta G knot is negative?
Keq= big so product favored
what happens if delta G knot is positive?
Keq= small so reactant favored
