Equilibrium Flashcards
(40 cards)
What is meant by dynamic equilibrium?
when concentration of reactants keep decreasing and the concentration of products keep increasing; the state where both concentrations are equal is called dynamic equilibrium.
What is meant by ionic equilibrium?
The equilibrium that deals with ions in aqueous medium is called ionic equilibrium.
What is Henry’s Law?
the mass of gas dissolved in a given mass of a solvent at any temperature is proportional to the pressure of the gas above the solvent.
What is equilibrium mixture?
A mixture of product and reactant in equilibrium
What is active mass?
It is the simple ratio of many things:
n/v
it was known as an alias for concentration in the olden days
What is law of mass action?
What is the relation between Kf and Kb
Kf=1/Kb
What is homogeneous equilibria?
The reactants and products in equilibria are in the same phase.
What is the equilibrium constant in gaseous systems?
Kp=Kc RT^delta ng
State Le Chatelier’s Principle
a change in any factors that determine the equilibrium of a system will cause the system to shift its equilibrium as a counteract to the change.
Whats the difference between strong and weak electrolyte?
Strong electrolytes dissociate completely while weak electrolytes dissociate partially
What is the difference between dissociation and ionisation constant?
Diss- the separation of ions in water already existing as such in solid form- eg.sodium chloride
ions-the separation of a neutral molecule into charged ions in solution
State Arrhenius theory
Arrhenius acid: dissociate to give H+
Arrhenius base: dissociate to give OH-
What is the Bronsted-Lowry theory?
Acid- donates H+
Base- accepts OH-
Relationship between Kp and Kc
Kp=Kc(RT)delta ng
As volume decreases what happens to pressure and no of moles
V increases P increases n of pdt decreases
How does temperature affect equilibrium
Log K2/K1=delta H/2.303 R (1/T1+ 1/T2)
Kf= A^Ef /RT
What is reaction quotient
The ratio of concentration during anytime of the reaction which helps predict the direction of reaction
If Q>K reverse
If Q<K forward
If Q=K equilibrium
What is degree of dissociation
Alpha is the fraction of one mole dissociated into the products
=D-d/(n-1)d
D=vp without dissociation
d=vp of mixture
Delta H for endothermic and exothermic
Exo-
Endo +
Condition for spontaneity
Delta G < 0
What is Arrhenius acid
Donated H+
What is Arrhenius base
Donates OH-
What is Bronsted acid
Donates H+
