equilibria Flashcards
in forward reactions, initially reactants are used up quickly but then what
initially reactants are used up quickly but then slow as concentration drops.
in backwards reactiosn, initially reactants are reformed slowly but then what
initially reactants are reformed slowly but then speed up as the concentration of products increases.
dynamic equilibrium
when the rate of the forward reaction = the rate of the backward reaction. this is dynamic equilibrium. the concentration of each substance remains constant. dynamic equilibrium occurs in closed systems.
show dynamic equilibrium reaching on a graph
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le chatelier’s principle.
if a reaction at equilibrium is subjected to
eqm shift right = more reactants or more products?
more products
eqm shift left = ?
more reactant
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change of conc on equilbrium
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if we increase the pressure what will happen to equm, and same for decrease the pressure what’ll happen
it will shift to the side with the fewer number of gas particles/moles to reduce the pressure
if we decrease it eqm will shift to the side with the most number of particles/ moles to increase the pressure
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change of temp on eqm
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what effect does a catalyst have on the position of eqm? instead what do they do
no effect on the position of equilibrium. a catalyst will speed up the rate of the forward and backward reaction equally.
a catalyst will speed up the rate at which eqm is reached but have no effect on ….
yield
le chatelliers principle making ethanol — ( state the effect of pressure, temp on ethanol yield and comprise the temp and pressures to maximise yield and rate, but also for pressure minimising costs)
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kc eqm conc calculations where u have to find the moles before finding the concentration in order to find kc
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using kc to find eqm concs
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kc is only valid for what
one temp
changing the temp will change eqm concs, therefore what happens to kc?
hence kc wil change too.
if the temp change causes eqm to shift right kc will….
increase
if the temp change causes eqm to shift left kc wil….
decrease
give an eg of flashies 19 and 20 reaction equation.D
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what effect does changes in conc have on the value of kc
no effect (value of kc aint affected)
does adding a catalyst have a effect on the value of kc
no (it only speeds up the rate of the forward and backwards reactions equally and speds up the rate at which eqm is established)
