EQ2 indicative mock content

Question 1

What is an energy pathway?

Answer 1

A method of delivery between manufacturer and consumer of energy. This could be via pipeline, shipping route, road or rail.

Question 2

What is the issue with oil supply and consumption in Saudi Arabia?

Answer 2

Imports 1 bil/b annually
exports 3 bil/b annually
It produces more than it consumes, this leads to the trading of Saudi oil which can lead to political tensions.

Question 3

What is the issue with US consumption of oil?

Answer 3

Imports 8.54 bil/b annually
exports 2.9 bil/b annually
Causes energy security.

Question 4

What is the largest energy pathway of oil in the world?

Answer 4

Saudi Arabia - Indonesia = 254 mil/b annually

Question 5

What’s the largest energy pathway of coal in the world?

Answer 5

Indonesia - China = 100 mil tonnes annually.

Question 6

What is the history of the energy conflict between Ukraine and Russia?

Answer 6

2006 - Russia cuts off energy to Ukraine, applying European pressure.
2012 - Nord Stream pipeline completed, avoiding Ukraine.
2014 - Pro Russian president is removed from Ukraine, energy price rises by 81%
2022 - Nord Stream explosions. (Speculation of terrorism)

Question 7

What are the socio-economic impacts of the Russia-Ukraine conflict?

Answer 7

Russia’s oil business has increased by 41% due to restricted supply.
Cost of living crisis is worsened in mainland Europe and the UK.

Question 8

What are the socio-economic impacts of the Russia-Ukraine conflict?

Answer 8

Russia’s oil business has increased by 41% due to restricted supply.
Cost of living crisis is worsened in mainland Europe and the UK.

Question 9

What are the four factors which can disrupt energy pathways?

Answer 9

1) Conflict - Russia / Ukraine
4) Piracy - West Africa
3) Natural disasters - Fukushima
2) exhaustion of supply - Saudi Arabia

Question 10

How can conflict disrupt energy pathways?

Answer 10

Conflict in Ukraine and Russia has led to the Nord Stream pipeline being terrorised, as Germany have had to cut ties with Russia, which used to supply 1.1 mil tonnes of oil has now been cut by 56%

Question 11

How can piracy interrupt energy pathways?

Answer 11

78 incidents every 6 months happen on average in Ghana due to the access to oil ships to sell to buy weaponry to sell to America.

Question 12

How can natural disasters disrupt energy pathways?

Answer 12

The Tsunami of 2010 in Japan led to the meltdown of the Fukushima power station, which was the 15th largest power station in the world.

Question 13

How can exhaustion of supply disrupt energy pathways?

Answer 13

Saudi Arabia produces 10% of the world’s oil. If this supply is diminishing, severe energy insecurity will occur in China (£24.5b)

Question 14

What are four alternatives to fossil fuels?

Answer 14

Renewable energy - mitigation
recyclable energy - mitigation
radical technology - mitigation
reducing energy use - mitigation

Question 15

What are the benefits and disadvantages of renewable energy?

Answer 15

benefits = Reduce CO2 emissions permanently. - 15 offshore wind farms supply 7 million homes with energy
disadvantages = They are expensive and unreliable. - Scottish turbines exploding in 260 mph winds.

Question 16

What are the benefits and disadvantages of recyclable energy?

Answer 16

Benefits = Nuclear is three times more reliable than wind or solar energy.
disadvantages = can lead to local environmental degradation through waste management.

Question 17

What are the benefits and disadvantages of radical technologies?

Answer 17

benefits = CCS leads to the reversal of CO2 emissions. Can store 22 billion tonnes of CO2 under the North Sea.
disadvantages = still in their infancy and can be extremely expensive.

Question 18

What are the ranked renewable energy choices?

Answer 18

1) Solar - Domestic use - Hewlett Packard in Palo Alto = saved 1 mil.
2) Wind - 7 mil homes supplied by 15 SE wind farms. - can explode
3) biomass - increases CO2 emissions. Creates monocultures. Can supply reliable energy sources.

Question 19

What are the ranked reasons for why renewables will never replace fossil fuels?

Answer 19

1) convenience and affordability - reliability - 22 million homes in the UK are supplied with gas.
2) Fears surrounding terrorism - Nord Stream 2 has been attacked, more energy sources being corrupted stunts growth.
3) NIMBYism prevents development - Incinerator intended to create energy in the UK is stunted.