EQ2

Question 1

define capitalism

Answer 1

an economic system in which a country’s trade and industry are controlled by private owners

Question 2

define IGO (intergovernmental organisation)

Answer 2

involving 2 or more nations to work on areas of common interest

Question 3

define the World Bank

Answer 3

a global organisation whose role is to finance development

Question 4

define IMF

Answer 4

a global organisation whose primary role is to maintain global financial stability

Question 5

define WTO

Answer 5

a global organisation which looks at rules for how countries trade with one another

Question 6

what is the WEF (world economic forum)

Answer 6

international organisation that aim to improve the world state by promoting globalisation

Question 7

when was the WTO established

Answer 7

The WTO was established January 1st 1995

Question 8

what is the WTO

Answer 8

The aim of the WTO is to free up global trade and reduce trade barriers, by negotiating free trade agreements, ensuring members follow its rules

Question 9

how does the WTO impact the world

Answer 9

WTO agreements and globalisation has led to an explosion in global trade since 1950

Question 10

TRUE or FALSE
Trade between countries has grown enormously since the end of WW2

Answer 10

TRUEEE

Question 11

FILL THE GAP:

In 1948 the total value of exports from all countries was US$58 billion and had risen to US$ ? trillion by 2014.

Answer 11

US$ 18 trillion by 2014

Question 12

world trade graphs:
what are the 2 types of graphs

Answer 12

linear graphs
logarithmic graph

Question 13

whats a strength of using a linear graph

Answer 13

Shows exponential nature of export trade growth can be seen in
Big events are seen clearly

Question 14

whats a limitation of using a linear graph

Answer 14

Values may be too small to see

Question 15

whats a positive of using logarithmic graph

Answer 15

Picks out an acceleration rate efficiently

Question 16

whats a weakness of using logarithmic graph

Answer 16

Makes big events look less significant
Easy to make errors plotting
Difficult to analyse

Question 17

define TNC

Answer 17

They are companies that operate in more than one country

Question 18

define westernisation

Answer 18

The process by which a country or society adopts the customs and institutions that are said to characterise the Western world

Question 19

define globalisation

Answer 19

the growth of countries becoming interconnectedness

Question 20

how does westernisation help countries stay in power

Answer 20

Global culture influence and westernisation is an important aspect of power, linked to economic influence and technology

Question 21

How does global media play a role and how does this help enforce westernisation?

Answer 21

Newsfeed, films, music and TV dominate global media, spreads ideologies of the western world

Question 22

How is western culture spreading around the world not always certain?

Answer 22

→western culture isnt adopted fully around the world

Question 23

what is intellectual property

Answer 23

intellectual property law protects these new developments in the form of
- Patents
- Copyright
- Trademarks

Question 24

How does intellectual property law help superpowers become even more influential?

Answer 24

→existing superpowers and developed countries paid for invention and artistic creations
→ developed TNCs invest R+D becoming patent holders

Question 25

what are sanctions

Answer 25

these can be diplomatic, such as ordering staff at a foreign embassy home or economic, such as banning trade in weapons and military cooperation, while sporting sanctions can be used to prevent a country taking part in global sporting events.

Question 26

what is the purpose of the UN security council

Answer 26

The first method for maintaining international peace and security

Question 27

how does the UN security council maintain international law

Answer 27

- Applying sanctions, to countries that impose security risks - Authorising the use of military force against a country - Authorising a UN peacekeeping force

Question 28

whats the issue with the UN

Answer 28

Any of the 5 permanent members can veto a decision, so prevent it from happening. The USA, UK and France tend to vote as one, as do Russia and China, leading to a deadlock. The Security Council has been accused of making resolutions to condemn a country’s action but then doesn’t follow through on this. Any actions require a ‘yes’ vote and all countries willing to act. In the last 40 years, the Western Powers (USA, UK, France) have failed to get agreement at the UN and have taken action themselves. This undermines the “collective security” principle that the Security Council was set up to achieve.

Question 29

what International organisations role is MILITARY

Answer 29

NATO ANZUS

Question 30

what international organisations role is POLITICAL

Answer 30

UN

Question 31

what international organisations role is ECONOMIC

Answer 31

EU NAFTA ASEAN

Question 32

what international organisation role is ENVIRONMENTAL

Answer 32

IPCC

Question 33

what has led to increase in carbon emissions

Answer 33

Burning fossil fuels Deforestation Agriculture

Question 34

why are some countries unwilling to reduce emissions

Answer 34

- Costly to invest in green energy - Developing countries lack access to technology - Corruption of some countries may mean emissions are not a countries biggest issue

Question 35

how do superpowers impact the global environment

Answer 35

Superpowers have large resource footprints maintaining a large economy, military with global reach and a wealthy population requires energy, minerals, land and water resources

Question 36

superpowers and emerging powers generates a range of environmental issues which are...

Answer 36

Low urban air quality CO2 emission rising Deforestation and land degradation

Question 37

how do superpowers create low urban air quality and what are the effects of this

Answer 37

Low urban air quality in emerging power cities due to coal burning power stations and dramatic increase in car usage lead to major health implications

Question 38

how do superpowers create rising CO2 emissions

Answer 38

Demand for fossil fuels, mineral, food, imports, plus manufactured good exports, this accounts for most of the world's CO2 emissions from shipping

Question 39

how do superpowers create deforestation and land degradation

Answer 39

Deforestation and land degradation are issues as more land is converted to farmland, increasing demand for water and chemicals in farming

Question 40

define nutrition transition

Answer 40

a change in diet from staple carbohydrate towards protein, dairy and fats it often includes eating more processed food it occurs as people transition from rural poverty to being urban middle class workers

Question 41

define staple food

Answer 41

carbohydrates relied on in large quantities and eaten regularly. e.g potatoes and wheat for bread → USA, Europe Maize → Latin america Rice → Asia

Question 42

define rare earth materials

Answer 42

a group of metal elements crucial to modern communication, medical and laser technology. Found dispersed in rocks, they're hard to mine, costly and limited in supply