EQ1-emerging powers Flashcards
economic
brazil
-important for s america as produces over 50% of its gdp
-large reserves of natural resources
-energy+food security. its self suffecient in producing+sourcing its own food +energy
HOWEVER
-it repeadely faces boom+bust phases that affect its development
economic
russia
-9th largest economy
-large gas+oil reserves
HOWEVER
-overly dependent on oil+gas for revenue
-has eu sanctions that weakened ruble +economy
-most unequal emerging nation, richest 1% control 71% of total wealth
economic
china
-major in global investment + developing african countries
-lots invested in high speed infrastructure
HOWEVER
-large population=gdp only 10% of usas
-many industries copies foreign ideas+not innovative
-1009-only 2% of chinas adult population graduated from uni
-rise wages=tncs move to cheaper countries like bangladesh
-ageing popualtion w/1child rule may cause it to collapse
economic
india
-Between 1997 + 2015, growth rates averaged 7% which is much higher than MDCs.
- use of English has been beneficial as its attracted many TNCs.
- -Infrastructure like energy and water supply as well as transport is poor, power cuts are frequent.
HOWEVER
-The government has a lot of debt.
-Society is very unequal and more than 20% of people live in poverty.
political
brazil
- Brazil has been very politically unstable in recent years.
- Corruption is rife throughout the country.
- Since 2015, leadership has drastically changed. The President was impeached in 2015, leading to uncertainty. In 2018, the far-right Bolsonaro was elected.
poltical
russia
-It is a permanent member of the UN Security Council. -BUT, Relations with the EU are strained and its annexation of Crimea exacerbated this.
poltical
china
-unlike usA, it doesn’t get involved in global crises or aid towards other countries, limiting China’s international relations.
-China’s government is run by an authoritarian party.
-Has tense relationships with many SE Asian nations.
poltical
india
-India is the world’s largest democracy -It is a member of the G20 and was a founding member of the UN.
BUT
-It has poor geopolitical relations with neighbours like China and Pakistan.
military
brazil
NEG-Its military is insignificant; only playing a small regional role and no international involvement.
military
russia
-It has nuclear weapons and a large military
HOWEVER
-Russia has intervened in Syria w airstrikes which has damaged relations w other countries.
-The majority of Russia’s fleet and aircraft are ageing and unsuitable for modern times.
military
china
-China’s People Liberation Army has the world’s largest army and has nuclear weapons.
HOWEVER
- China’s army (PLA) is dated; despite its large numbers of soldiers the army is very poorly equipped.
military
india
-It has the 4th largest military in terms of personnel and weaponry
-It has nuclear weapons.
- India has come to month-long standoffs with neighbouring China to maintain its border.
demographic
brazil
-The population of 210 million is the largest in South America.
-The population is very young.
HOWEVER
-Fertility rates have drop significantly so the population may decline in the future.
demographic
russia
-The population of 144 million is quite large, but largely spread across Russia’s vast lands, leading to isolation and lack of development of many regions.
HOWEVER
-Russia’s population has been declining in recent years as birth rates are very low.
-The population is ageing which is impacting the economy.
demographic
china
-The population of 1.38 billion allows for a vast labour pool, allowing China’s economy to increase.
HOWEVER
-By 2020, it is expected that 12% of the population will be over 65 which will require expensive support through healthcare and social care
-China has little inwards migration so they are unable to attract talent and skills from abroad that they may lack.
