EQ1 Flashcards
generally, what does globalisation do to migration?
increases it, both between and within countries
what is an example of outsourcing?
future teleradiology india: western hospitals send scans to company in india who send results within 30min.
what is international migration?
the movement of people across national borders.
how many people live outside their country of birth?
around 280 million
in 2015, what were the top 3 countries with the largest number of migrants living abroad?
india
mexico
russia
what percent of parents of babies born in London were born outside the UK? (2011 census data)
65%
what percent of Japan’s population is over 65?
27%
stat to show Japan’s ageing population?
working population expected to half between 2007 and 2037
what percent of Japan’s population is migrant and how does that compare to the recommended amount?
1.7%, but IMF research says advanced economies need 5%
how many migrants does the UN suggest japan needs by 2050 to maintain their population ?
17million
historically what has japans immigrant policy been?
very closed door
what are the problems of japan gaining immigrants?
unlike English, japan isn’t a global business language
govt has deeply conservative views on immigration
what would the new bill set to come into play in april 2019 in japan do?
create new visa statuses that will enable foreign workers to be employed for unskilled labour in japan.
historically what has Australia’s immigration policy been?
skills based: 70% immigrants accepted based on skills shortages.
where do almost all immigrants in Australia live?
big cities
stat to show immigrants aren’t an economic burden (!!shocking)
on average each immigrant contributes 10% more per capita to australia’s GDP each year than non immigrants.
what do immigrants offset in Australia?
its ageing population
what was Australia’s immigration policy from 2013?
conservative govt adopted tough tactics to halt flow of migrants.
how did Australia stop its flow of immigrants?
boatloads of ppl usually arrive at Australia’s northern shores-were turned back and shipped to remote camps in Nauru and papua new guinea.
where do Australia’s migrants arrive from?
boats leave Indonesia and contain migrants from Afghanistan, sri lanka and middle east.
what does trump say about Australia’s recent immigration policy ?
that it was a model (shudder) but that Australia’s much easier to control bc it’s an island.
what’s the current (2019) immigration status in Australia?
PM wants to slash immigration further
for immigrants already there, more opportunities in rural areas.
what are the 4 types of migrant?
voluntary migrants
refugees
asylum seekers
economic migrants
what is a voluntary migrant?
someone who has a choice about whether or not they migrate.
what is a refugee?
someone who has been forced to leave their country.
what is an economic migrant?
person who travels from 1 country to another to improve standard of living.
what is an asylum seeker?
person who’s left their country as a political refugee and is seeking asylum in another: need to be granted refugee status in order to work. have to apply for the right to international protection.
what are the 2 main source areas for the UK for migrants?
the commonwealth
the eu
why did the uk get immigrants from the commonwealth?
1945: labour shortages-factories, transport, nhs
so uk jobs advertised overseas in commonwealth countries
what was the 1st ship to arrive in the uk from the commonwealth?
empire windrush (arriving from west indies) in 1948.
who are the windrush generation?
people who arrived in the UK from 1948 to 1971 from Caribbean countries.
when did eu movement to the uk increase and why?
1992 when eu was created: eu citizenship was created allowing citizens to reside in and move freely between Member States. (Maastricht treaty)
in 2014/15 how many eu countries were in the top 10 source countries for uk immigrants?
9/10
what happened to net migration in the uk after brexit?
plummeted: from 750,000 to under 250,000 between 2016 and 2017.
before brexit what was the general trend of overseas nationals entering the ukl and getting NI numbers ?
increase:
2004: 440,00
2014: 650,000
what is national identity?
a sense of a nation as a cohesive whole, as represented by distinctive traditions, culture, and language.
what is sovereignty?
supreme power or authority; the authority of a state to govern itself or another state.
What percent do the global population live outside their country of birth?
3-4
Why do most migrants move?
For work or to rejoin family members
what may make someone more likely to be able to migrate to a country?
existing wealth-could pay ppl to help (eg ppl smugglers)
skills
established family members living in destination.
