EQ1 - 6.2

Question 1

2 from the

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lowly

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his results

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1 the land

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e ions to

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is minerals

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it into

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back to

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to the

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Lesson 3: What are the biological processes that sequester carbon on land and in the

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oceans on shorter timescales?

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6.2 Biological

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a.

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Phytoplankton sequester atmospheric carbon during

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processes

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photosynthesis in surface ocean waters

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carbonate

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sequester carbon

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shells/tests move into the deep ocean water through the

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on land and in

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carbonate pump and action of the thermohaline circulation.

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the oceans on

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b.

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shorter

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Terrestrial primary producers sequester carbon during

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timescales (fast

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photosynthesis

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some of this carbon is returned to the

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carbon cycle).

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atmosphere during respiration by consumer organisms.

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C.

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Biological carbon can be stored as dead organic matter in

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soils, or returned to the atmosphere via biological

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decomposition over several years.

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The bio-geochemical carbon cycle

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Biological and chemical processes determine just how much of the carbon available on the earth’s surface

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is stored or released at any one time - that’s why it is often referred to as the bio-geochemical carbon

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cycle. The four key processes are:

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Combustion

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Burning fossil fuels

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releases CO, into

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the atmosphere.

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CO, is exchanged between

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the atmosphere and oceans.

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CO, in atmosphere

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combustion

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Photosynthesis

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respiration

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Photosynthesis/

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Plants remove CO,

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from the atmosphere.

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• lorgest

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123

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callaum

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ns

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secibed aerime

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to organc

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nany

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remans d- arg

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jensms enco

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лео

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€ + muc

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• dec

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сост

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001, c0

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gasing.

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scumentry

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2 me nect

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n gass is

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ing taxes

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st ne vane

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jecs at sU

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inco rocko

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decomposition

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from dead plants

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and animais

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Decomposition

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The decomposition of dead

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plants and animals releases

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CO, into soils and deposits

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carbon on the sea floor.

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Respiration

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Animals consume plants

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and release CO, into the

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atmosphere and the water.

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i de

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Carbon in the oceans

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• After geological stores, oceans are the largest store of carbon - 60 times greater than the

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atmosphere

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• 93% COz is stored in undersea algae, plants and coral and the remainder in a dissolved form

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• Small changes in the oceanic carbon cycle will have significant global impacts

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