EPQ

Question 1

GDP change

Answer 1

1990 - GDP of US$360billion
2018 - US$13.6trillion
Lifted 850 million out of poverty
Average annual GDP growth of almost 10%

Question 2

China’s govt view

Answer 2

Confucian - people were valued and contributed to morally good state - peace but little economic gain
Communist - classless society where everyone contributed to publicly owned means of production
Economic reforms - incentivise business + grow economy
Communist party - set goal to establish socialist market economy
Capitalist - private businesses + SEZs

Question 3

Companies

Answer 3

2008 - 29 Chinese companies on Fortune Global 500 ($1.1 trillion - 5% of total)
2019 - 119 Chinese companies ($7.9 trillion - almost 25% of total)

Question 4

Shanghai

Answer 4

Geography - edge of Yangtze River Delta into East China Sea - direct access to mainland China + Pacific Ocean (lots of trade)
Cosmopolitan area - ease of access + openness to foreign investment

Question 5

Xinjiang

Answer 5

Borders 8 countries + is central component to SREC
Marginalise Uighur Muslims - Han Chinese intruded (hard power)
Protests but China paint as Islamic terrorists to discredit

Question 6

Taiwan

Answer 6

Forced China to be less aggressive, more complacent
Shows soft power instead of hard
Not successful since people of Taiwan still want independence

Question 7

Tibet

Answer 7

Soft - building railway lines and developing Tibet’s economy
Hard power - constructing multiple dams without consulting millions affected
Both hard and soft power - ensures security and maintenance over water supplies

Question 8

Africa

Answer 8

OBOR initiative shows soft power
Involved with 78 countries - investments
Massive involvement with Africa is incentive for others to join - infrastructure allows them to sustain themselves

Question 9

South East Asia

Answer 9

Soft power used as mask for hard power
Massive foreign investment to gain diplomatic + geopolitical strongholds
Sri Lanka - built deep water port by SL forced to sign 99 yr lease to Chinese company since couldn’t repay debt

Question 10

Naval threat

Answer 10

Colossal hard power - show off + intimidate

2006 - Chinese submarine popped up, within torpedo range, in middle of US Navy Fleet

Question 11

South China Sea

Answer 11

Abuse of hard power
Violated maritime laws and created island to secure complete control
Against multiple countries and behave as immune to laws

Question 12

Influential role

Answer 12

Developing soft power
Joining several multilateral institutions
WTO, SCO, ASEAN