Epithelial Tissues

Question 1

Epithelial Tissues

Answer 1

• Form the outer layer or cover and sit on top of other tissues
• Can also line the inside of hollow organs, where they sit on top of other tissues
• Also make up glands

Question 2

Characteristics of Epithelial Tissues

Answer 2

• Always has a free top or apex
• Made up of tightly packed cells
• Cells are anchored together to form sheets of cells
• Avascular, but has nerve endings
• Replaced frequently
• Can have cilia and microvilli

Question 3

Types of Epithelial Tissue

Answer 3

Squamous, Cuboidal, Columnar, Transitional, Simple, Stratefied

Question 4

Simple Squamous

Answer 4

• Structure: A simple layer of thin flattened cells
• Function: Well-suited for diffusion
• Location: lines blood vessel, inside of heart, and capillaries

Question 5

Simple Cuboidal

Answer 5

Structure: Single layer of cube-shaped cells with centrally located nuclei

• Function: Secretion and sometimes absorption
• Location: Kidney tubules and ducts of some galnds

Question 6

Two types of Glands

Answer 6

Endocrine and Exocrine

Question 7

Endocrine

Answer 7

type of gland that makes their product and secretes it into the matrix, capillaries come and pick up the product

Question 8

Exocrine

Answer 8

type of gland that secretes its product outside of itself using a duct (sweat, oil, wax)

Question 9

Simple Columnar

Answer 9

• Structure: Elongated Cells, nuclei located by basement membrane, often have microvilli or cilia
• Function: A big absorber and cilia help
• Location: Line uterus, Fallopian tubes, stomach, intestines

Question 10

Psudostratefied (false) Columnar

Answer 10

• Structure: looks like more than one layer, but it is not, nuclei not all on the bottom, have cilia, also have goblet cells
• Function: Sweep out debris, goblet cells produce mucin, histamine
• Location: Only found in lining of upper respiratory tract (trachea, bronchi)

Question 11

Stratified Squamous

Answer 11

• Structure: Flattened layer of cells
• Function: Wear and tear tissue, low energy friction exposure to environment
• Location: Makes up the outer layer of skin and line the mouth throat, vagina, and anal canal

Question 12

Basement membrane

Answer 12

Lowest layer of the same type of cells

Question 13

Mitotic Cells

Answer 13

New daughter cells that will be pushed upward

Question 14

Melanocytes

Answer 14

Release pigment. Skin color determined by the amount of melanocytes in the skin

Question 15

What is Keratin

Answer 15

a tough protective and waterproof protein that can be added

Question 16

Carcinoma

Answer 16

any type of cancer to the epithelial tissue

Question 17

What are the three types of skin cancer

Answer 17

basal cell, squamous, and malignant

Question 18

Basal Cell carcinoma

Answer 18

80% of skin cancer, caused by too much sun exposure by age 20. 99% cure rate.

Question 19

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Answer 19

15% of skin cancers, too much sun exposure, can appear red and scaly, does not heal and go away 99% cure rate

Question 20

Malignant Melanoma

Answer 20

3.5% of skin cancers, sun exposure and has a genetic link, grows down through basement membrane and can spread, deadly and survival depends on early detection.

Question 21

What is the ABCD method?

Answer 21

a method used for looking for skin cancer
A-Asymmetry
B-Boarder
C-Color
D-Diameter

Question 22

Characteristics of a first degree burn

Answer 22

• top part of epidermis is burned and irritated nerve endings
• healing time is 3-7 days
• treatment: cool compress and aloe vera

Question 23

Characteristics of a second degree burn

Answer 23

• epidermis and dermis is burned
• Symptoms: painful, red blisters, pealing of damaged skin
• Healing time: 7-10 days depending on depth of the burn
• Treatment: Cool compress, aloe vera, do not break blisters

Question 24

Characteristics of a third degree burn

Answer 24

• entire thickness or epidermis and dermis
• Symptoms: No pain, nerve ending have been burned and cannot carry messages, white or gray color, skin slippage
• Healing time: Months to a year depending on location and percentage burned
• Treatment: Percentage of body burned is determined by the rule of nines, several things must be done at once in order to ensure recovery
• Need IV fluids and anitbiotics, remove dead skin

Question 25

Stratified Cuboidal

Answer 25

• Structure: two to three layers of cuboidal cells lining an opening
• Function: several layers provide greater protection than one single layer, secrete
• Location: mammary glands sweat glands, salivary glands, pancreas

Question 26

Stratified Columnar

Answer 26

• Structure: consists of several layers of columnar cells

- Location: not located in very many places in the body, found in junction of distal esophagus and cardiac sphincter

Question 27

Transitional

Answer 27

-Designed to extend and return to its normal size, found in the lining of the urinary bladder

Question 28

Epithelial Membranes

Answer 28

-Contain layer of epithelial and bottom layer of specialized connective tissue

Question 29

What are the types of membranes

Answer 29

Cutaneous, mucous, serous

Question 30

Cutaneous membrane

Answer 30

• functions like tarp over a boat

- Ex skin

Question 31

Mucous Membrane

Answer 31

• lines opening to outside (digestive, respiratory, urinary, reproductive tract)
• contains specialized cells that contain mucous

Question 32

Serous Membrane

Answer 32

-two layered membrane with space between, both produce serous fluid which reduce friction between tissues and organs
1.)Parietal - lines walls of cavities
2,) Visceral - wraps around organs