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Cells and Tissues > Epithelial Tissues > Flashcards

Epithelial Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

How are cells held together?

A

By adhesions/junctions

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2
Q

What are the 4 tissue types?

A
  1. Connective tissue
  2. Nervous tissue
  3. Muscle
  4. Epithelial
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3
Q

What to epithelial cells bind to via adhesions/cell junctions?

A

Themselves and the basement membrane

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4
Q

What makes the basement membrane?

A

Epithelial cells and connective tissue

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5
Q

What germ layer is epithelial derived from?

A

All three germ layers

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6
Q

What are the three surfaces of an epithelialcell?

A
  1. Free apical surface
  2. Basal surface
  3. Lateral surface
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7
Q

What is on the free apical surface of the epithelial cell?

A

Lumens of ducts and cavities

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8
Q

What is on the lateral surface of an epithelial cell?

A

Attachments to other epithelial cells including tight juntions and gap juntions

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9
Q

What is on the basal surface of an epithelial cell?

A

Attachments to the basal membrane

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10
Q

What are three specialisations some free apical surfaces of epithelial cells can have?

A
  1. Microvilli
  2. Stereocillia
  3. Cilia
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11
Q

What are microvilli?

A

Cytoplasmic protusions which increase the surface area

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12
Q

What are stereocilia?

A

Long versions of microvilli but are limited in distrubutuion and non-mobile

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13
Q

What are cilia?

A

Motile hair-like protusions that beat together

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14
Q

Where are cilia found?

A

In respiratory epithelial and in the fallopian tubes

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15
Q

What reduces cillia movement?

A

Smoking

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16
Q

What are specilisations that can occur on the basolateral surfaces of the epithelial cells?

A

Junctions

17
Q

What are the functions of the junctions on the basolateral membrane?

A

They allow attaching cell together and exchanging of information and metabolities

18
Q

What are the three types of jucntions sometimes seen on basolateral surfaces of epithelial cells?

A
  1. Tight junctions
  2. Anchoring junctions
  3. Gap junctions
19
Q

What is the functions of tight junctions?

A

Seal cells together

20
Q

What is apical part of the lateral domain of the tight junction that fuses two cells together called?

A

The zona occuldens

21
Q

What is the function of anchoring junctions?

A

Mechanically attachs cells together

22
Q

What are two components of anchoring junctions?

A

Desmosomes and hemidesmosomes

23
Q

What is another name for desmosomes?

A

Zona adhrens

24
Q

Where are desomosomes found?

A

The lateral domain

25
Q

Where are hemidesomosomes dound?

A

The basal domain

26
Q

What are gap junctions?

A

A passage of chemical/electrical signals between cells

27
Q

What are the three ways to classify epithelial?

A
  1. Number of layers
  2. Shape of cells
  3. Specilisations
28
Q

What are the three categories when cateogrising epithelial under number of cells?

A
  1. Simple
  2. Stratified
  3. Pseduostratified
29
Q

What are the four categories when epithalial is classified by cell shape?

A
  1. Squamous
  2. Cuboidal
  3. Columnar
  4. Transitional
30
Q

Where is simple squamous epithelial found?

A

Blood vessels, heart and alveoi

31
Q

What is the function of simple squamous epithelial?

A

Diffusion, absorption, secretion

32
Q

Where is simple cuboidal epithelial found?

A

In the kidneys, glands, bronchioles

33
Q

Where is stratified squamous epithelia found?

A

Cornea, oral cavity, oesophagus, vagina, anus

34
Q

What kind of epithelial is found in skin

A

Stratified keratinized epithlial

35
Q

What is the difference between keratinized and non-keratinized epithelia

A

nonkertainized is moist and keratinized are dead cells filled with keratin

36
Q

What kind of epithelium is rare?

A

Stratified cuboidal

37
Q

Where do you find stratidied columnar epithelium?

A

Mammary glands, larynx, male urethra

38
Q

Where do you find pseduostratified columnar epithelium?

A

Nose, pharynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs - synthesis and secrete mucous

39
Q

Where do you find transitional epithelial?

A

Urinary bladder, kidney, urethra, uterers - where expansion occurs

Cells and Tissues (10 decks)

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