Epithelial tissues

Question 1

how much extracellular matrix does epithelium cells have

Answer 1

• have little extracellular matrix

Question 2

describe the epithelium layers

Answer 2

have 1 or several layers of closely adhering cells

Question 3

what are the 4 types of tissue

Answer 3

• epithelial
• connective tissue
• muscle
• nerve tissue

Question 4

what does epithelial tissue do

Answer 4

lines between interphases

Question 5

what is the flat sheet of epithelial tissue exposed to

Answer 5

• the upper surface is exposed to the environment or internal body cavity

Question 6

do epithelial cells divide quickly and what does this suggest

Answer 6

• they divide quickly suggesting rapid healing

Question 7

does epithelium tissue contain blood vessels and what does this suggest

Answer 7

• no its avascular (no blood vessels)
• this suggests they receive no nutrients or oxygen

Question 8

where does epithelial tissue receive oxygen and nutrients

Answer 8

• from the connective tissue beneath it through diffusion

Question 9

what do epithelial tissues lay on

Answer 9

basement membrane

Question 10

what does the basement membrane consist of and what does it do

Answer 10

• made of a thin layer of collagen and adhesive proteins
• anchors epithelium and connective tissue

Question 11

what are the functions of epithelium tissue

Answer 11

• sensory: nose, ears, taste buds
• covering and protection
• absorption
• transport
• secretion

Question 12

how are epithelium tissues classified

Answer 12

• number of cell layers
• plane of sectioning
• shape of cells
• surface specialisations
• glands

Question 13

describe plane of sectioning as a classification

Answer 13

• can either cut vertically, horizontally, oblique (diagonally)

Question 14

what are the types of simple epithelia

Answer 14

• simple squamous
• simple cuboidal
• simple columnar

Question 15

what are the functions of simple epithelia

Answer 15

• absorption
• secretion
• transport

Question 16

what isn’t the function of simple epithelia and why

Answer 16

not for protection as only made of a single layer

Question 17

how many layers does a simple epithelia have

Answer 17

1 single layer

Question 18

what are examples of where simple epithelia can be found

Answer 18

• alveoli
• cornea

Question 19

describe simple squamous as a type of simple epithelia

Answer 19

• highly packed and flat which makes the nucleus to look like a bump

Question 20

what functions are simple squamous good for

Answer 20

• passage of gas and fluids eg, gas exchange

Question 21

examples of where simple squamous can se found

Answer 21

• alveoli
• capillaries
• glomeruli

Question 22

describe simple cuboidal as a type of simple epithelia

Answer 22

• cube shaped, tight and next to each other

Question 23

what functions are simple cuboidal good at

Answer 23

excretion, secretion, absorption

Question 24

where can simple cuboidal be found

Answer 24

• salivary glands, pancreas, collecting ducts

Question 25

describe simple columnar as a type of simple epithelia

Answer 25

- are in columns - have cilia (little hairs) on the surface which help with movement - have goblet cells in between the simple columnar. they produce mucus which helps with transportation

Question 26

what are functions of simple columnar

Answer 26

- highly absorptive or secretory

Question 27

what are examples of where simple columnar can be found

Answer 27

- gall bladder, small intestine, fallopian tube (to move food around)

Question 28

describe pseudostratified columnar

Answer 28

- have cilia - goblet cells which secrete mucus - nucleus - are 1 layer of cells but look like there are many layers due to the nucleuses being in different places instead of a straight line - all cells touch the basement membrane but not all cells reach the apical (top) surface

Question 29

what are the names of the epithelial tissue with 2 or more layers

Answer 29

- stratified squamous - stratified squamous keratinised - transitional

Question 30

what is the function of epithelial cells that have 2 or more layers

Answer 30

for protection

Question 31

describe stratified squamous epithelial tissue

Answer 31

- cells are packed next to each other - many dead cells closer at the surface of the tissue so don't have a nucleus - dividing occurs at the basement membrane - moderate abrasion occurs

Question 32

where are stratified squamous epithelial tissue found and give an example

Answer 32

- found in wet surfaces - example the tongue

Question 33

describe stratified squamous keratinised epithelial tissue

Answer 33

- cells are tightly packed next to each other - have keratin on the top layer, keratin is a protein that provides protection - cells divide at the basement membrane - there are dead cells at the apical surface so they have no nucleus

Question 34

what is the function of stratified squamous keratinised epithelial tissue

Answer 34

- can resist constant abrasion and desiccation

Question 35

describe transitional epithelial tissue

Answer 35

- cells are capable of stretching and withstanding the toxicity of urine - when the cells are empty they are diamond shaped when the cells are full they are stretched - these cells can be found in the bladder, so bladder becomes larger when cells are full