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Histology > Epithelial Tissue > Flashcards

Epithelial Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

The basic dye in staining It binds to acids or bases? Oxidation turns it into

A

Hematoxylin acids (which are basophilic) hematein

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2
Q

Hematein (oxidized form of hematoxylin) makes structures that it binds to what color? What structures does it stain this color?

A

Dark blue/purple DNA, RNA, nuclei, ribosomes, GAGs

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3
Q

This is the acidic dye which bonds to bases It makes structures what color? What types of structures does it bind to?

A

Eosin Pink Proteins, collagen fibers, muscles, cytoplasm

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4
Q

Hematoxylin has a _______ charge

A

Positive

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5
Q

Eosin has a ______ charge

A

Negative

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6
Q

This type of tissue consists of polyhedral cells aggregated in sheets. It defines the body surfaces and demarcates outside from inside

A

Epithelial Tissues

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7
Q

Epithelial cells have much/little ECM (extracellular matrix)

A

Little

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8
Q

What parts of the body is epithelial tissue found in?

A

All surfaces of the body

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9
Q

Epithelial tissue is polarized/unpolarized?

A

Polarized

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10
Q

Does epithelial tissue have a basement membrane?

A

Yes

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11
Q

What forms within epithelial tissues?

A

Glands

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12
Q

Epithelium + lamina = ?

A

mucosa

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13
Q

Epithelial cells comprise more than __% of the cell types in the body

A

60%

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14
Q

If an organism doesn’t have epithelial cells, it can’t be what type of organism?

A

multicellular

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15
Q

Most diseases originate in this tissue type of involve a breach in this tissue barrier What process does this often cause? It means epithelial cells lose their polarity and cell-cell adhesion, gaining migratory and invasive properties to become mesenchymal stem cells

A

Epithelial Tissues Epithelio-mesenchymal transitions

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16
Q

What disease is caused be epithelio-mesenchymal transitions?

A

Cancer (carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, transitional cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma

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17
Q

In addition to separating outside from inside, what other functions does epithelia serve? (4 additional)

A

Protection, absorption (peptides nutrients, ions), sensations, movement and transport

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18
Q

This part of the epithelium separates and attaches epithelium to other tissues

A

Basement membrane

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19
Q

Nerve endings in the skin responsible for sensitivity to vibration and pressure (know the histology)

A

Pacinian Corpuscle

20
Q

This type of epithelial cell is structural in nature, not meant for transport because it doesn’t have a lot of cytoplasm

A

Simple Cuboidal

21
Q

This type of epithelial cell has lots of cytoplasm and is good for metabolism (excretion/absorption into/from the lumen)

A

Simple Columnar

22
Q

This type of epithelial cell is actually attached to the basement membrane even though it sometimes doesn’t appear to be that way Where two places are they commonly found?

A

Simple Pseudostratified Upper Respiratory Tract and trachea

23
Q

What type of epithelial cells are in the skin that are good for active transport and diffusion of materials? What do they commonly form the lining of?

A

Simple Squamos Blood vessels

24
Q

Look at diagram for pseudostratified epithelium and know goblet cells, basal cells, epithelial cells, basement membrane, lamina propria, terminal bars, mucua, cilia, etc

Note: There is no such thing as truly stratified columnar

A
25
Q

This type of epithelium offers protection against mechanical injuries, like in the esophagus

A

Stratified squamous

26
Q

This type of epithelium is several layers of cells, surface cells are dome shaped. They change shape when there is a lot of material in the organ Commonly found in two places

A

Transitional Epithelium bladder, urethra

27
Q

This occurs as squamous epithelial cells flatten and lose the nucleus. They accumulate this type of fiber to help against abrasion and more importantly protects against…

A

Keratization Keratin Water loss

28
Q

Keratinized squamous epithelium is mostly found where…

A

Epidermis of the skin

29
Q

This type of apical surface makes a ‘brush border’ to increase surface area, not really motile in nature

A

Microvilli

30
Q

This composes the core of microvilli, it is connected to the terminal web and cell membrane

A

Actin

31
Q

What is microvilli good for?

A

Active transport (gut)

32
Q

This is long microvillia, function not clear. Doesn’t increase SA? Has a ____ core

A

Stereocilia Actin (just long microvilli)

33
Q

This apical surface is a motor structure, allowing for active displacement of material inside the lumen. It is longer than microvilli

A

Cilia

34
Q

What is the structure of cilia?

A

9 pairs of microtubules, 2 in microtubules in the middle, like flagella (look at picture

35
Q

Where is cilia commonly found?

A

Respiratory tract, trachea, uterine tubes

36
Q

Where does the microtubule core of cilia connect to?

A

Basal bodies (look at comparison slide)

37
Q

These are a mechanoreceptor in epithelial tissues that is responsible for sensitivity to light touch

A

Meissner’s Corpsucle (Tactile Corpsucle)

38
Q

Which type of tissue is this?

Where is this type of tissue commonly found?

What is its typical function?

A

Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium

Function: secretion, absorption, lubrication

Location: lining of trachea, bronchi, nasal cavity, vas deferins of epididymis

39
Q

Which type of tissue is this?

Where is this type of tissue commonly found?

What is its typical function?

A

Simple Columnar Epithelium

Function: absorption and secretion, lubrication

Location: lining of the gastrointestinal system

40
Q

Which type of tissue is this?

Where is this type of tissue commonly found?

What is its typical function?

A

SImple Cuboidal Epithelium

  • *Function:** absorption and secretion, protection
  • *Location:** small ducts of exocrine glands, surface of ovary, kidney tubules, thyroid follicles
41
Q

Which type of tissue is this?

Where is this type of tissue commonly found?

What is its typical function?

A

Stratified Squamous

  • *Function:** protection, secretion
  • *Location:** epidermis (skin), lining of oral cavity, esophagus, vagina

*Note Keratinized cells on top, with no nucleus

42
Q

Which type of tissue is the arrow pointing to?

Where is this type of tissue commonly found?

What is its typical function?

A
  • *Simple Squamous Epithelial**
  • *Function:** exchange of materials (gases & nutrients), barrier, filtration

Location: lining of blood vessels (endothelium), lining of body cavities (mesothelium), lining of respiratory spaces (alveoli) in the lung, Bowman’s capsule in the kidney

43
Q

Which type of tissue is this?

Where is this type of tissue commonly found?

What is its typical function?

A
  • *Stratified Cuboidal**
  • *Function:** secretion, absorption
  • *Location:** sweat glands and ducts, larger ducts of exocrine glands
44
Q

Which type of tissue is this?

Where is this type of tissue commonly found?

What is its typical function?

A

Stratified Columnar Epithelium

  • *Function:** secretion, absorption, protection
  • *Location:** largest ducts of exocrine glands
45
Q

Which type of tissue is this?

Where is this type of tissue commonly found?

What is its typical function?

A
  • *Transitional Epithelium**
  • *Function:** ability to distend
  • *Location:** urethra, bladder
46
Q

Name the objects each arrow is pointing at.

A

1- Tight Junctions

2- Zonula adherens

3- Macula adherens

47
Q
A

Histology (4 decks)

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