Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Cells and organelles > Epithelia > Flashcards

Epithelia Flashcards

1
Q

What are epithelia

A

They form a continuous sheet of cells. They are specialised for distinct functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the function of epithelia

A

They act as barriers between the body and the external world and between fluid compartments within the body. They also transport molecules via absorptive processes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is simple cuboidal epithelium

A

A single layer of cube cells. Have a central nuclei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the function of simple cuboidal epithelium

A

Secretion and absorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the localisation of simple cuboidal epithelium

A

Kidney tubules, ducts, secretory portions of small glands and ovary surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is simple columnar epithelium

A

Basal nuclei and ciliated/non ciliated with microvilli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the function of simple columnar epithelium

A

Absorption and secretion of mucus and enzymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the localisation of simple columnar epithelium

A

Non ciliated: digestive tract, gallbladder and excretory ducts. Ciliated: small bronchi and uterine tubes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is simple squamous epithelium

A

Flat cells with disc-shaped nuclei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the function of simple squamous epithelium

A

Passage of materials by diffusion and filtration. Secretion of lubricating substances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the localisation of simple squamous epithelium

A

Kidney glomeruli, alveoli of lungs and blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is simple pseudostratified epithelium

A

They look like there are multiple layers but all cells are in contact with the extracellular matrix. Several layers of nuclei. It is ciliated and non-ciliated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the function of simple pseudostratified epithelium

A

Secretion of mucus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the localisation of simple pseudostratified epithelium

A

Non ciliated: vas deferens and large glands
Ciliated: trachea and upper respiratory tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is stratified cuboidal epithelium

A

Generally 2 layers of cuboidal cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the function of stratified cuboidal epithelium

A

Protects underlying tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the localisation of stratified cuboidal epithelium

A

Largest ducts of sweat glands and mammary glands

18
Q

What is stratified columnar epithelium

A

Several cell layers. Basal cells usually cuboidal. Superficial cells are elongated and columnar

19
Q

What is the function of stratified columnar epithelium

A

Protection and secretion

20
Q

What is the localisation of stratified columnar epithelium

A

Urethra and conjunctiva of eyes

21
Q

What is transitional epithelium

A

Several cell layers. Resembles stratified squamous and stratified cuboidal epithelium. Basal cells are cuboidal/columnar. Superficial cells are dome-shaped or squamous-like depending on stretch

22
Q

What is the function of transitional epithelium

A

Stretches readily permitting distension of urinary organ

23
Q

What is the localisation of transitional epithelium

A

Ureter, bladder, parts of urethra

24
Q

What is the function of junctional proteins

A

They connect cells to each other and to basement membrane. Some allow intercellular communication eg. transport of ions. Also, enable polarisation

25
Q

What are tight junctions

A

They are the most apical junction. They are a branching network of protein strands

26
Q

What is the function of tight junctions

A

“Zipper” together neighbouring epithelial cells. Defines apical/basolateral boundary. Prevent passage of molecules and ions

27
Q

What are adhering junctions

A

More basal than tight junctions. A “belt” that encircles epithelial cell directly beneath the tight junction

28
Q

What is the function of adhering junctions

A

They allow cell-cell adhesion via interaction between extracellular domain

29
Q

What are desmosomes

A

They are spot like adhesions arranged on the lateral surface of cells

30
Q

What is the function of desmosomes

A

They allow cell-cell adhesion via interaction between extracellular domains

31
Q

What are gap junctions

A

Lateral edges of epithelial cells

32
Q

What is the function of gap junctions

A

Allow intercellular communication

33
Q

What are hemidesmosomes

A

They are localised to the basal surface

34
Q

What is the function of hemidesmosomes

A

They attach epithelial cells to the basement membrane

35
Q

What are microvilli

A

The apical surface area can be increased by presence of a “brush border membrane”

36
Q

What is the function of microvilli

A

They enable absorption

37
Q

What can increase the basolateral surface area

A

Lateral interdigitations and basal foldings

38
Q

What is important about the basolateral surface

A

It is important for transport across the epithelial layer

39
Q

What are cilia

A

They are found on the apical surface of some epithelia. They are larger than microvilli

40
Q

What is the function of cilia

A

They move back and forth to move particles

41
Q

What is stratified squamous epithelium

A

Thick membrane composed of multiple cell layers. Superficial portion of cells are squamous “flattened”. Basal cells are cuboidal/columnar and metabolically active

42
Q

What is the function of stratified squamous epithelium

A

Protects underlying tissue

Cells and organelles (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions