Epistaxis

Question 1

function of nasal chonchae

Answer 1

create turbulent airflow to hold air in the nasal cavity for a longer time for modification

Question 2

name the 3 nasal conchae of the lateral wall with their associated spaces

Answer 2

sphenoethmoidal recess
superior nasal concha (of ethmoid)
superior meatus 
middle nasal concha (of ethmoid)
middle meatus 
inferior nasal concha 
inferior meatus

Question 3

function of paranasal sinuses

Answer 3

reduce weight of skull and increase resonance of voice

Question 4

name the 4 paranasal sinuses

Answer 4

frontal, ethmoidal air cells, sphenoid, maxillary

Question 5

where and what is the ethmoid bulla

Answer 5

within the middle meatus

rounded projection

Question 6

where and what is the semilunar hiatus

Answer 6

within the middle meatus

curved groove surrounding the inferior border of the bulla

Question 7

drainage of:

• sphenoid sinus
• posterior ethmoidal air cells
• frontal sinuses, maxillary sinuses and anterior ethmoidal air cells
• middle ethmoidal air cells
• nasolacrimal gland

Answer 7

• sphenoethmoidal recess
• superior meatus
• semilunar hiatus
• ethmoidal bulla
• nasolacrimal duct

Question 8

components of the nasal septum

Answer 8

2 osteological, 1 cartilaginous

Question 9

name the relevant foramina

Answer 9

incisive
anterior and posterior ethmoidal
sphenopalatine

Question 10

what are the 3 main arteries supplying Little’s Area

Answer 10

ophthalmic
maxillary
facial

Question 11

name the 5 arteries that contribute to Little’s Area

Answer 11

anterior ethmoidal 
posterior ethmoidal 
sphenopalatine 
greater palatine
superior labial artery

Question 12

how does the anterior ethmoidal get to Little’s Area

Answer 12

it branches from the ophthalmic, passes through its named foramina and runs down the front of the nose

Question 13

how does the posterior ethmoidal get to Little’s Area

Answer 13

it branches from the ophthalmic, passes through its named foramina and passes down the posterior nasal cavity

Question 14

how does the sphenopalatine get to Little’s Area

Answer 14

branches from the maxillary, pierces through its foramina and then branches onto the lateral wall and septum, covers vomer, runs anterior

Question 15

how does the greater palatine get to Little’s Area

Answer 15

the descending palatine comes through the sphenopalatine foramen, gives off the greater palatine which passes through the incisive foramen

Question 16

how does the superior labial get to Little’s Area

Answer 16

facial artery runs under mandible and courses towards the eye through the upper lip, nasal artery branches, lateral nasal artery branches which runs tp the septum in the upper lip, septal branch, superior labial branch