Epistasis Flashcards
Alleles that mask the effect
Epistatic Alleles
Alleles whose effect is being masked
Hypostatic Alleles
Occurs when dominant allele of one gene masks the effects of either alleles of the second gene
Dominant Epistasis
Occurs when the recessive allele of one gene masks the effects of either allele of the second gene
Recessive Epistasis
Ratio for Heterozygous Parents Recessive Epistasis
9:3:4
More than 2 alleles and multiple genes control the expression of a trait
Polygenic Traits
Either the trait is present or not
Discrete Traits
Trait varies along a continuum
Continuous Traits
Refers to a single characteristic that is controlled by more than 2 genes
Polygenic Inheritance
Polygenic Inheritance patterns normally follow what shape
(Bell-shaped) Normal Distribution Curve
T or F
Continuous Trait cannot be affected by the Environment
False
If a Dominant Allele of both gene loci produces the same phenotype without cumulative effect
Duplicate Dominant Epistasis
Duplicate Dominant Epistasis ratio
15:1
Only one dominant gene of either allele is need to produce the phenotype
duplicate dominant epistasis
Both gene loci have homozygous recessive alleles and both of them produce identical phenotype
Duplicate Recessive Epistasis
Duplicate Recessive Epistasis ratio
9:7
Dominant Alleles on both locus are required
Duplicate Recessive Epistasis
In the absence of any dominant allele, the recessive allele is expressed
Duplicate Genes with Cumulative Effect
Duplicate Gene with Cumulative Effect ratio
9:6:1
Ratio of Dominant Recessive Interaction
13:3
The phenomenon in which a single gene conditions several different phenotypic traits
Pleiotropy
The mutated hemoglobin forms polymers and clumps together causing the deoxygenated sickle red blood cells to assume the disfigured sickle cell
Sickle Cell Anemia
Caused by a defect in the phenylalanine hydroxylase enzyme
Phenylketonuria
Lack of thyroxine from birth or before birth
Cretinism
