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WSU Neuro > Epilepsy: Rowan's ch 1-4 > Flashcards

Epilepsy: Rowan's ch 1-4 Flashcards

1
Q

What does an EEG record ?

A

Post-synaptic potentials (majority), action potentials and chronic neuronal depolarization but most likely the voltage of the EC matrix.

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2
Q

Two types of Post-synaptic potentials

A

Inhibitory and Excitatory

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3
Q

What is the PDR

A

posterior dominant rhythm is the basic rhythmic frequency of the normal awake adult brain.

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4
Q

What leads to rhythmic cortical activation

A

thalamic pacemaker cells.

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5
Q

What is the current system for placing electrodes ?

A

10-10

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6
Q

Odd numbered elctrodes are on the ___.

A

Left

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7
Q

Even numbered electrodes are on the ____.

A

Right

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8
Q

Potential fields are ___ in shape and have a ____ effect.

A

oval/ripple.

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9
Q

Bipolar Recording: If input 1 is negative with respect to input 2 the deflection is

A

upward

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10
Q

If input 2 is negative with respect to input 1 the deflection is ?

A

downward

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11
Q

negative phase reversal = ___

A

localization of focus

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12
Q

Referential recording

A

electrodes are compared to a reference (A1 for example)

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13
Q

What is an amplifier ?

A

Records potential difference between two electrodes

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14
Q

Bipolar recording

A

two successive electrodes are compared

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15
Q

Three types of montages

A

double bannana, transverse, circumferential

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16
Q

Overview of electronics.

A

…

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17
Q

Multifocal definition

A

discharge in more than 3 non-contiguous leads and two different hemispheres

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18
Q

Impedence should not exceed

A

5 kohms

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19
Q

Standard diplasy

A

30mm/sec with 10 sec pages

20
Q

Standard sensitivity and brain death criteria

A

7 microvolts should be turned down to 2 for brain death criteria.

21
Q

standard frequency of filters and should you even adjust them ?

A

1 to 70hz and no

22
Q

Purpose of notch filter

A

set at 60hz to block out electronic devices.

23
Q

Gamma, beta, alpha, theta and delta frequencies

A

> 30, 13-30, 8.5-13, 4-8.5, and 0-4

24
Q

Acceptable asymmetry of PDR

A

2:1

25
Q

Stage 1 sleep: 2 features

A

vertex waves and POSTs

26
Q

Stage 2 sleep: 2 features

A

sleep spindles and k-complexes

27
Q

Def of a slow PDR

A

<8.5 hz

28
Q

Def sleep spindles

A

sinusoidal, synchronous and at 12-14 hz

29
Q

Def of k-complexes

A

bi/triphasic waves >500ms

30
Q

Long return to baseline after Hyperventialtion reason

A

hypoglycemia

31
Q

4 normal variants

A

alpha, mu, lambda, 14/6

32
Q

Define alpha variants

A

half to double the PDR is okay

33
Q

define mu rhythm

A

se over c3/c4 (motor strip, attenuates with movement of the opposite limb

34
Q

define lambdas

A

electropositive transients in occipital regions

35
Q

define 14/6

A

14 hz and 6hz spikes singular and in clusters usually in posterior quadrants.

36
Q

PDR does what with eye opening.

A

eye opening

37
Q

What 2 things cause an abnormal background ?

A

Loss of PDR or lack of distinct sleep states

38
Q

three levels of slowing

A

0-4 severe
4-7 hz moderate
7-8 hz - mild

39
Q

Duration of spike

A

20-70ms

40
Q

Duration of sharp

A

70-200ms

41
Q

two types of rhythmic patterns

A

GRDA and LRDA

42
Q

GPEDS are seen in what clinical states

A

diffuse injury (toxic-metabolic,hypoxic ischemic)

43
Q

PLDs are seen in what clinical states

A

focal lateralized lesions (brain abscess etc)

44
Q

Define evolution

A

2 unequivocal, sequential changes in frequency morphaology and location.

45
Q

Principle of localization in bipolar montage ?

A

Phase reversal

46
Q

Principle of localization in referential montage ?

A

Amplitude

WSU Neuro (10 decks)

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