Epilepsy in Children

Question 1

Kids with Tuberous sclerosis, Down’s Syndrome and other are at risk for these. They occur at 3-12 months. EEG shows high amplitude chaotic background, mutifocal interictal abnormalities….

Answer 1

Infantile Spasms.

Tx with ACTH, oral steroids, vigabatrin (esp. in tuberous sclerosis).

Question 2

During febrile state. Generalized seizure, onset 6mo-5years, lasts

Answer 2

Simple Febrile Seizure.

Question 3

During febrile state. Focal seizure, onset 6mo-5years, lasts >15minutes, >1/24hrs.

Answer 3

Complex Febrile Seizure

Question 4

Complex versus Partial seizure:

Answer 4

Complex - alteration of consciousness

Question 5

Idiopathic, generalized, onset 4-10years. Brief (1-15sec), frequent (10-100/day). EEG: 3Hz spike.
This is?
Treat with?

Answer 5

Childhood Absence Epilepsy.

Tx: ethosuximide (1st), lamotrigine, valproic acid.

Question 6

Idiopathic, partial.
Facial clinic seizure. Often at night.
EEG: bilateral independent cetnro-temporal sharp waves , horizontal dipole.

Answer 6

Benign Rolandic Epilepsy.

Don’t treat but not really benign.

Question 7

Symptomatic, Partial.
Teen onset.
Hx: prolonged febrile seizures.
Complex Partial with Aura.

Answer 7

Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

Question 8

Idiopathic, generalized.
Morning, quick jerks, drop toothbrush…
EEG: 4-6Hz spike, polyspike.

Answer 8

Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy

Question 9

Seizure Mimics:

Answer 9

1. Parasomnias
2. Syncope
3. Apparent Life Threatening Event (ALTE)
4. Breath holding speels
5. Sleep Myoclonus
6. Non-epileptic events