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ZNeuro/Psych (class) > Epilepsy drugs > Flashcards

Epilepsy drugs Flashcards

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1
Q

Phenytoin Indications

A

1st line - Tonic-Clonic
1st line - status epilepticus prophylaxis
Partial seizures

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2
Q

Phenytoin MOA

A

Use-dependent Na channel blocker

Inhibits glutamate release

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3
Q

Phenytoin Toxicity

A 
Nystagmus/diplopia/ataxia
Sedation
Gingival hyperplasia
Hirsutism
Megaloblastic anemia (decraesed folate absorb)
Teratogenic
Rash
P450 induction
Lymphadenopathy
Stevens-Johnson syndrome
Osteopenia
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4
Q

Carbamazapine Indications

A

1st line - Tonic-Clonic

1st line - Partial

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5
Q

Carbamazapine MOA

A

Use-dependent Na channel blocker

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6
Q

Carbamazapine Toxicity

A

Diplopia/ataxia
Drowsiness
Blood dyscrasias
Teratogen

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7
Q

Ethosuximide Indications

A

1st line - Absence

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8
Q

Ethosuximide MOA

A

Reduces low threshold (t-type) thalamic Ca channels

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9
Q

Ethosuximide Toxicity

A

Gastric distress

Lethargy

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10
Q

Valproic Acid Indications

A

1st line - Tonic-clonic
Partial
Absense
Myoclonic

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11
Q

Valproic acid MOA

A

Blocks repetitive firing
Reduce T-type Ca currents
Increased GABA concentraions

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12
Q

Valproic acid Toxicity

A 
GI
Weight gain
Hair loss
Hepatotoxicity
Teratogenic
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13
Q

Felbamate Indications

A

Partial seizures refractory to others

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14
Q

Felbamate MOA

A

NMDA antagonist (potentiates GABA)

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15
Q

Felbamate Toxicity

A

Aplastic anemia

Hepatic failure

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16
Q

Gabapentin Indications

A

Adjunct in partial seizures

17
Q

Pregabalin Indications

A

Adjunct in partial seizures

Neuropathic pain management

18
Q

Pregabalin MOA

A

Reduce neurotransmitter release

Alpha-2-delta of voltage gated Ca channels

19
Q

Lamotrigine Indications

A

Partial

Generalized Tonic-Clonic

20
Q

Lamotrigine MOA

A

Blocks repetitive action potentials

Blocks voltage gated Na channels

21
Q

Lamotrigine Toxicity

A

Steves-Johnson syndrome

22
Q

Topiramate Indications

A

Blocks spread of seizures

*add on in partial

23
Q

Topiramate MOA

A

Blocks Na channels

Incrases GABA action

24
Q

Topiramate Toxicity

A

Fatigue
Confusion
Nausea

25
Q

Tiagabine Indications

A

Partial add-on

26
Q

Tiagabine MOA

A

Inhibits GABA reuptake, GAT-1

27
Q

Tiagabine Toxicity

A

Dizziness
Tremor
Somnolence

28
Q

Levetiracetam Indications

A

Adjunctive in partial
Adjunctive in myoclonic
Adjunctive in generalized tonic-clonic

29
Q

Levetiracetam Toxicity

A

Somnolence
Asthenia
Dizziness

30
Q

Zonisamide Indications

A

Adjunctive treatment in adults with partial seizures

stops spread

31
Q

Zonisamide MOA

A

Reduces voltage-dependent transient inward current (T-type)

Also works at Na channels

32
Q

Zonisamide Toxicity

A 
Ataxia
Anorexia
Nervousness
Fatigue
Speech impairment
33
Q

Vigabatrin Indications

A

Adjunctive complex partial

Adjunctive infantile spasms

34
Q

Vigabatrin MOA

A

Irreversibly inhibits GABA transaminase (and therefore breakdown)

35
Q

Vigabatrin Toxicity

A

Permanent effects on vision (restricted prescribing program)

36
Q

Clobazam Indications

A

Adjunctive with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome

*severe epilepsy

37
Q

Clobazam MOA

A

Blocks voltage gated Na and Ca channels
Suppresses neuronal hypersynchronization
Inhibits Carbonic anhydrase

38
Q

Lacosamide Indications

A

Adjunctive treatment of partial seizures

39
Q

Lacosamide MOA

A

Enhances slow inactivation of Na channels

ZNeuro/Psych (class) (6 decks)

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