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Neurology > Epilepsy > Flashcards

Epilepsy Flashcards

1
Q

what are the before tiggers of epilepsy?

A
  • lack of sleep
  • flickering lights
  • alcohol
  • stress
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2
Q

what typically happens before in epilepsy?

A

triggers

  • alcohol, stress, lack of sleep, lights

aura

  • rising epigastric sensation, de ja vu
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3
Q

what is meant by syncopal?

A

loss of consciousness due to lack of perfusion to the brain

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4
Q

summarise the syncopal and non-syncopal causes of collapse/

A
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5
Q

what is meant by epilespy?

A

recurrent tendency to have unprovoked seizure

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6
Q

what are seizures?

A

abnormal paroxysma, discharge of cerebral neurons

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7
Q

outline the aetiology of epilepsy?

A
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8
Q

what typically happens during epilepsy?

A

less than 3 mins

LOC

tongue biting

jerking

incontinence

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9
Q

what typically happens after epilepsy?

A

slow recovery

post ictal headache

confusion

myalgia

todd’s paresis

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10
Q

outline the classification of seizures?

A
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11
Q

outline the clinical diagnosis for epilepsy?

A

Needs 2 or more unproved seizures occuring more than 24 hours apart

EEG

bloods

brain imaging- CT, MRI

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12
Q

what is used for the management of focal seizures?

A

carbamazepine

lamotrigine

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13
Q

what is used for the management of generalised seizures?

A

1st line- sodium valproate

2nd line- carbamazepine

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14
Q

what are the side effects of epilepsy management?

A

pyshciatric side effects ( depression)

weight gain

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15
Q

outline the management of epilepsy and pregnancy?

A

some anti-epileptics are teratogenic

strictly avoid SODIUM VALPROATE

Lamotrigine usually preferred

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16
Q

what are the other antiepileptics?

A

phenytoin

levetiracetam

clobozam

topirimate

gabapentin

vigabatrin

17
Q

define status epilepticus?

A

seizures lasting more than 5 mins or repeated seizures without recovery or regain of consciousness in between

18
Q

what are the triggers for status epilepticus?

A

non-adherence to medication

alcohol abuse

OD and toxicity

19
Q

outline the A-E approach for status epilepticus?

A
20
Q

what are the features of frontal lobe epilepsy?

A

Motor symptoms

  • Jacksonian March- muscular spasms spread from distal part of limb to larger area of body
  • post ictal flaccid paresis ( todd’s paresis)
  • involuntary actions ( disinhibition)
21
Q

what are the features of temporal lobe epilepsy?

A

aura ( epigastric discomfort)

Automatisms ( playing with fingers, lip smacking)
Hallucinations

22
Q

what are the features of parietal lobe epilepsy?

A

sensory disturbances ( pain, tingling, numbness)

23
Q

what are the features of occipital lobe epilepsy?

A

visual phenomenon ( flashing lights, spots, lines

Neurology (29 decks)

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