EPILEPSY Flashcards
What is epilepsy?
Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures caused by abnormal electrical activity in the brain.
What are the common causes of epilepsy?
Epilepsy can be caused by genetics, head injuries, infections, brain tumors, and stroke, among other factors.
What is the prevalence of epilepsy in society?
Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder, affecting an estimated 1 in 100 people worldwide. It can occur at any age but often starts in childhood or adolescence.
What are the common signs and symptoms of epilepsy?
Symptoms of epilepsy can vary but may include seizures, which can cause convulsions, muscle spasms, loss of consciousness, and other changes in behavior, sensation, and consciousness. Some people with epilepsy may also experience auras, which are warning signs of an impending seizure.
What are antiepileptic drugs (AEDs)?
Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are the mainstay of treatment for epilepsy.
What are the recommended classes of AEDs according to UK guidelines?
The recommended classes of AEDs according to UK guidelines are Sodium channel blockers, GABA receptor agonists, and Calcium channel blockers.
What is the first-line treatment for focal seizures and generalized tonic-clonic seizures?
Sodium channel blockers are the first-line treatment for focal seizures and generalized tonic-clonic seizures.
How do GABA receptor agonists work in treating epilepsy?
GABA receptor agonists work by enhancing the activity of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter that can help to suppress abnormal electrical activity.
What are calcium channel blockers used to treat in epilepsy?
Calcium channel blockers are used to treat absence seizures and myoclonic seizures.
How do sodium channel blockers work in treating epilepsy?
Sodium channel blockers work by blocking sodium channels in the brain, which can prevent abnormal electrical activity.
