Epiglottis vs Croup

Question 1

Epiglottitis organism

Answer 1

Bacterial (H. influenza, Group A streptococci, Pneumococci, Staphylococci)

Question 2

Laryngotracheobronchitis organism

Answer 2

Viral (H. parainfluenze, RSV, influenza viruses)

Question 3

Epiglottis age

Answer 3

2-6 years

Question 4

Laryngotracheobronchitits age

Answer 4

<2 years

Question 5

Laryngotracheobronchitits onset

Answer 5

Gradual (24- 72 hours)

Question 6

Epiglottis onset

Answer 6

Rapid (<24 hours)

Question 7

Laryngotracheobronchitits region affected

Answer 7

Laryngeal structures below the vocal cords

Question 8

Epiglottitis region affected

Answer 8

Epiglottis
Vallecula
Arytenoids
Aryepiglottic folds

Question 9

Laryngotracheobronchitits neck x-ray

Answer 9

Frontal x-ray: subglottic narrowing (steeple sign)

Question 10

Epiglottitis neck x-ray

Answer 10

Lateral x-ray: swolloen epiglottis (thumb sign)

Question 11

Laryngotracheobronchitits clinical presentation

Answer 11

Low- grade fever
Barking cough
Vocal hoarseness
Inspiratory stridor
Retractions

Question 12

Epiglottitis clinical presentation

Answer 12

High- grade fever
Tripod position
Drooling
Dyspnea
Dypsphonia
Dysphagia

Question 13

Laryngotracheobronchitits treatment

Answer 13

Oxygen
Racemic epinephrine
Corticosteroids
Humidification
Fluids
Intubation rarely required

Question 14

Epiglottitis treatment

Answer 14

Oxygen
Urgent airway management (tracheal intubation, tracheostomy)
Antibiotics if bacterial
Induction with spontaneous RR (CPAP 10-15 prevents airway collapse)
ENT surgeon must be present
Post-op ICU care