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Dermatology > Epidermal New Growths > Flashcards

Epidermal New Growths Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

Multiple, oval, slightly raised, light brown to black, sharply demarcated papules or plaques

rarely >3cm in diameter

They appear “stuck on” the skin, as if they could be removed with the flick of a fingernail

A

SEBORRHEIC KERATOSIS

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2
Q

Nummular warty lesions

The surface of the warty lesions often becomes crumbly, like a crust that is loosely attached.

When this is removed, a raw, moist base is revealed.

A

SEBORRHEIC KERATOSIS

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3
Q

A sudden eruption of many seborrheic keratosis may follow inflammatory cutaneous disorder such as

A

exfoliative dermatitis

exfoliative erythroderma

erythrodermic psoriasis,

or an erythrodermic drug eruption

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4
Q

tx seborrheic keratosis

A

Liquid nitrogen and curettage
Liquid fulguration

Carbon dioxide laser

Electrocautery

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5
Q

The sudden appearance of numerous seborrheic keratoses in an adult may be the cutaneous finding of internal malignancy

A

SIGN OF LESER-TRELAT

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6
Q

SIGN OF LESER-TRELAT

what type of carcinoma

A

60%- adenocarcinoma (stomach)

Other common malignancies cancer, and SCC of the lung

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7
Q

The keratoses should begin at approximately the same time as the development of the cancer, have a rapid onset, and run a parallel course in regard to growth and remission.

A

LESER-TRELAT

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8
Q

may accompany the appearance of the seborrheic keratoses of Leser–Trélat.

A

pruritic, and acanthosis nigricans and tripe

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9
Q

cutaneous tag, papilloma colli, fibroma pendulum, cutaneous papilloma, fibroma molluscum, Templeton skin tags, skin tags

A

ACHROCHORDON

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10
Q

Kuntil

A

ACHROCHORDON

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11
Q

on the neck, axilla, and eyelids: they appear small, flesh-colored to dark brown, pinhead-sized and larger, sessile and pedunculated papillomas
on the trunk and groins: they are soft, pedunculated growths often hang on thin stalks

A

ACHROCHORDON

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12
Q

ACHROCHORDON

Both sexes have the same incidence, with nearly 60% of individuals acquiring them by the age of

A

69

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13
Q

They often increase in number when the patient is gaining weight or during pregnancy

o

may be related to the growth hormone-like activity of insulin.

A

ACHROCHORDON

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14
Q

characterized by epidermis enclosing a dermal fibrovascular stalk.

A

ACHROCHORDON

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15
Q

ACHROCHORDON

tx

A

Electrocauterized at the stalk & clipped off at the base

Aluminum chloride hemostasis if needed.

Light electrodesiccation

For larger lesions, anesthesia and snip excision are preferred

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16
Q

how to differentiate achrocordon from Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS)

A

Biopsy should be performed on acrochordons in children because the lesions are uncommon in this age group, and they may be the presenting sign of NBCCS.

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17
Q

A single round or ovoid papule or nodule, about 0.5–1 cm in diameter, which is reddish-brown, sometimes with a yellowish hue.

A

DERMATOFIBROMA / FIBROUS HISTIOCYTOMA

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18
Q

sign of FIBROUS HISTIOCYTOMA

A

Dimple sign

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19
Q

adherent to the overlying epidermis, which may be thinner from pressure or even indented, so that there is a dell-like depression over the nodule

A

DERMATOFIBROMA (FIBROUS HISTIOCYTOMA)

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20
Q

the depression created over a dermatofibroma when it is grasped gently between thumb and forefinger

A

Dimple sign

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21
Q

dermal mass composed of close whorls of fibrous tissue in which there are numerous spindle or histiocytic cells.

A

DERMATOFIBROMA (FIBROUS HISTIOCYTOMA)

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22
Q

Systemic lupus erythematosus, treatment with prednisone or immunosuppressive drugs, chronic myelogenous leukemia, and HIV infection have been associated with the development of

A

multiple dermatofibromas

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23
Q

Progressive enlargement beyond 2 or 3 cm in diameter suggests a
(dermatofibroma)

A

malignant fibrous histiocytoma or dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans

24
Q

malignant fibrous histiocytoma or dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans
tx

A

excisional biopsy is indicated.

25
Q

firm, irregularly shaped, fibrous, hyperpigmented, pink or red excrescence

arises as the result of a cut, laceration, or burn—or, less often, an acne pustule on the chest or upper back

A

KELOID

26
Q

spreads beyond the limits of the original injury, often sending out clawlike (cheloid) prolongations.

The overlying epidermis is smooth, glossy, and thinned from pressure

A

KELOID

27
Q

red and tender, and has the consistency of rubber. It is often surrounded by an erythematous halo, and the keloid may be telangiectatic.

A

Early lesion:

28
Q

Brown, tender, stationary keloid

A

Chronic lesion:`

29
Q

a dense and sharply defined nodular growth of myofibroblasts and collagen with a whorl-like arrangement resembling hypertrophic scar.

o

Centrally, thick hyalinized bundles of collagen are present

A

KELOID

30
Q

KELOID tx

Reduce lesional mast cell numbers and decrease itching

A

Silicone sheet to limit recurrences

31
Q

has also been successful in old mature keloids in pierced-ear keloids

A

has also been successful in old mature keloids in pierced-ear keloids

32
Q

Flattening and cessation of itching are reliably achieved by this approach

A

intralesional injection of triamcinolone suspension alone or in combination with 5fluorouracil (5-FU)

33
Q

Spontaneous improvement during the first 6 months

A

HYPERTROPHIC SCAR

34
Q

sebaceous tumors and keratoacanthomas occur in association with multiple internal malignancies

A

Muir–Torre syndrome

35
Q

multiple or large keratoacanthomas that appear at the same time as an internal malignancy, always of the genitourinary tract

A

keratoacanthoma visceral carcinoma syndrome (KAVCS)

36
Q

Also known as lines of trauma

A

Isomorphic phenomenon

37
Q

rapidly growing papule that enlarges from a 1 mm macule or papule to as large as 25 mm in 3–8 weeks.

When fully developed, it is a hemispheric, domeshaped, skin-colored nodule in which there is a smooth crater, filled with a central keratin plug

A

SOLITARY KERATOACANTHOMA

38
Q

rapid growth for some 2–6 weeks, followed by a stationary period for another 2–6 weeks, and finally a spontaneous involution over another 26 weeks to leave a slightly depressed scar

A

SOLITARY KERATOACANTHOMA

39
Q

More than 2 cm on the nose and eyelid

A

Giant Keratoacanthoma

40
Q

Multiple lesion extend from the original central lesion

A

Coral-reef Keratoacanthoma

41
Q

Coalescing plaque or nodules on the forehead

A

Keratoacanthoma dyskeratoticum et segregans

42
Q

tender subungual tumors, which usually cause significant nail dystrophy

do not regress spontaneously and induce early underlying bony destruction

A

Subungual Keratoacanthoma

43
Q

crescent-shaped lytic defect without accompanying sclerosis or periosteal reaction

A

Subungual Keratoacanthoma

44
Q

Young men are frequentlu affected

There is a family history of similar lesions

generally only 3–10 lesions are noted at any one time

Lesions grow over 2–4 weeks, reaching a size of 2–3 cm, then remain stable for 1–2 months before slowly involuting leaving a prominent crateriform scar

A

MULTIPLE

KERATOACANTHOMAS

(FERGUSON

SMITH TYPE OF MULTIPLE SELF HEALING KA)

45
Q

Effective in stopping the appearance of new lesions and causing involution of existing ones. KERATOACANTHOMAS

A

Oral retinod

46
Q

generalized eruption of numerous dome-shaped, skin-colored papules from 2 to 7 mm in diameter.

A

GENERALIZED ERUPTIVE KERATOACANTHOMAS

Women: keratoacanthomas of the lower legs

(GRZYBOWSKI VARIANT

47
Q

progressive peripheral expansion and concomitant central healing, leaving atrophy

A

KERATOACANTHOMA CENTRIFUGUM

MARGINATUM

48
Q

one of the most common benign skin tumors.

Fluctuant tense swelling

surface of the overlying skin is usually smooth and shiny from the upward pressure.

Freely movable and attached to the normal skin above them by the remains of the expanded gland duct, the opening of which frequently shows a central point on the surface as a comedo (central blackhead)

pasty contents of the cysts are formed mostly of macerated keratin, which has a cheesy consistency and pungent odor.

A

EPIDERMAL CYST

49
Q

It is a keratizing cyst lined by stratified squamous epithelium containing keratohyalin granules

A

EPIDERMAL CYST

50
Q

Senile Sebaceous, Adenoma

Hyperplasia,

Senile

Sebaceous

Probably represent adenomas of intradermal eccrine ducts

Treatment:

age of onset is usually past 40

prevalence increases with age

A

SEBACEOUS HYPERPLASIA

51
Q

can be helpful in confirming the diagnosis and identifies the central crater, the yellow lobules, and the associated telangiectasia

A

Dermoscopy

52
Q

the glands are multilobulated, each dividing into smaller lobules to produce a cluster resembling a bunch of grapes.

A

SEBACEOUS HYPERPLASIA

53
Q

Presents with extensive sebaceous hyperplasia with onset at puberty and worsening with age.

A

Premature sebaceous hyperplasia (familial

presenile sebaceous hyperplasia)

54
Q

very common differentiation

neoplasms

demonstrating

sweat duct

Small transluscent yellowish, brownish or pinkish globoid papules 1-3mm in diameter that develop slowly and persists without symptoms

A

SYRINGIOMA

55
Q

dilated sweat ducts, some of which have small commalike tails resembling tadpoles or the pattern of a paisley tie

A

SYRINGIOMA

Dermatology (6 decks)

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