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Dermatology > Vascular Tumors > Flashcards

Vascular Tumors Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

most common benign tumors of childhood

may appear at birth or at 2 weeks to months of age

dull, red, dome shaped, 1-60mm in diameter

lesions have sharp borders; they are soft and easily compressed

A

Strawberry hemangioma

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2
Q

most common site of INFANTILE HEMANGIOMA

A

Head and neck (60%)

Extremity

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3
Q

involution

INFANTILE HEMANGIOMA

A

30% resolve by the third year, 50% by age 5, and 70% by age of 7.

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4
Q

INFANTILE HEMANGIOMA

period of greatest growth is the

A

5 months

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5
Q

INFANTILE HEMANGIOMA

skin may appear normal (No Scarring) after involution, but more commonly

A

atrophy, telangiectasia, or anetoderma-type redundancy is present.

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6
Q

___% of hemangiomas may occur in association with structural malformations

A

7

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7
Q

PHACE syndrome

Posterior fossa brain malformations

Hemangiomas

Arterial anomalies

Coarctation of the aorta and cardiac defects

Eye abnormalities

asoociated with

A

INFANTILE HEMANGIOMA

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8
Q

Multiple hemangiomas, usually 1–10 mm in size

appear in the first few weeks to months of life

purely cutaneous

generally involute without sequelae

A

Benign Neonatal Hemangiomas

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9
Q

visceral lesions may be present in the CNS, lungs, liver, or other organs

A

Diffuse neonatal Hemangiomatosis

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10
Q

complications may occur, such as gastrointestinal or CNS bleeding, high-output cardiac failure, obstructive jaundice, or respiratory failure
hemangioma type

A

Diffuse neonatal Hemangiomatosis

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11
Q

associated with occult spinal dysraphism

A

Flat Lumbar Hemangiomas

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12
Q

Indications for Removal

hemangioma

A

Cosmetic

Severe Hemorrhage
Thrombocytopenia

Threatened cardiovascular compromise from high output cardiac failure

Nasal or auditory canal obstruction
Obstruction of vision

Skin ulceration

Threatened interference with vital functions such as feeding, respiration, passage of urine or stool, limb function, tissue destruction or vision\

permanent disfigurement

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13
Q

tx infantile hemangioma

A

Intralesional steroids or oral prednisone 23mg/kg/day (high dose) (response in 3-1 days in 30% for) for 30-90 days

Propanolol

Recombinant interfern-2a or 2b units/day for 6-10 months

Cryotherapy
Laser ablation
excision

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14
Q

Senile angiomas, de Morgan spots

A

CHERRY ANGIOMAS

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15
Q

most common vascular anomalies

“Wart-like”

round, slightly elevated, 0.5–6 mm diameter, ruby-red papules

Most are on the trunk; they are rarely seen on the hands, feet, or face.

Found in adults

A

CHERRY ANGIOMAS

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16
Q

CHERRY ANGIOMAS

tx

A

Light electrodessication

laser ablation

17
Q

a small, eruptive, usually solitary, sessile pedunculated, raspberry-like vegetation exuberant granulation tissue

A

PYOGENIC GRANULOMA

18
Q

proud-flesh” with a dull red color

Friable papule

A

PYOGENIC GRANULOMA

19
Q

sites

PYOGENIC GRANULOMA

A

hands, forearms, or face, or at sites of trauma

mouth, especially on the gingiva, most often in pregnant women (granuloma gravidarum)

sole of the foot or nailbed

especially those who are taking isotretinoin – ask the drug history of the patient

20
Q

most common complaint

PYOGENIC GRANULOMA

A

Bleed easily

21
Q

tx

PYOGENIC GRANULOMA

A

curettage or shave excision

destruction of the base by fulguration or silver nitrate

22
Q

vascular spider, spider nevus, nevus araneus

A

SPIDER ANGIOMA

23
Q

lesion is suggestive of a red spider

The ascending central arteriole represents the “body” of the spider, and the radiating fine vessels are suggestive of the multiple legs

A

SPIDER

ANGIOMA

24
Q

SPINDER ANGIOMA

Common in

A

young children and pregnant women

25
Q

tx

SPINDER ANGIOMA

A

Electrodessication

Laser treatment

Cauterization at the base of the lesion

26
Q

Common in connective tissue diseases

dilated cutaneous blood vessel—venule, capillary, or arteriole

fine, linear vessels coursing on the surface of the skin

A

TELANGIECTASIA

27
Q

Telangiectases can be found in such conditions as:

A

Radiodermatitis
xeroderma pigmentosum

lupus erythematosus

dermatomyositis

scleroderma and the CREST syndrome

rosacea

cirrhosis of the liver

acquired (AIDS)

immunodeficiency

syndrome

poikiloderma

basal cell carcinoma

necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum

sarcoid

lupus vulgaris

adenoma sebaceum

keloid

angioma serpiginosum

angiokeratoma corporis diffusum

ataxia-telangiectasia

28
Q

this is a condition wherein there is variation in veins and appears over a large segment of the body

sudden appearance of multiple telangiectasia on a large part of the body or distributed over an extremities

this is not associated with systemic disease but the lesion does not disappear

common in women

you can do laser to remove the veins

A

ataxia-telangiectasia

29
Q

Altered capillary patterns on the fingernail folds (cuticular telangiectases) are indicative of

A

collagen vascular disease, such as lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, or dermatomyositis

30
Q

appearance of multiple telangiectasia in the large surface of the body

it can be distributed over the entire body or localized in one area

not associated with systemic diseases

most frequently seen in women (>40 years old)

lesions persist indefinitely unless you do laser

A

Generalized Central Telangiectasia

31
Q

autosomal dominant telangiectasia

A

Hereditary type Telangiectasia

32
Q

telangiectasia

tx

A

Electrodessication and laser ablation

Contact or cryospray cooling

Pulse stacking (multiple pulses of low fluences)
Tetracycline and Ketoconazole
33
Q

tx for

Generalized type of telangiectasia

A

Tetracycline and Ketoconazole

34
Q

used to reduce the incidence of side effects, such as purpura, hyperpigmentation, hypopigmentation, and scar formation.

telangiectasia

A

Pulse stacking (multiple pulses of low fluences)

35
Q

reduce the incidence of complications

Telangiectasia

A

Contact or cryospray cooling

Dermatology (6 decks)

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