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CPH > Epidemiology And Human Behaviour > Flashcards

Epidemiology And Human Behaviour Flashcards

1
Q

-It is the study of the distribution and determinants of diseases and injuries in human populations
-studies the patterns of disease occurrence in human populations and the factors that influence this pattern.

A

Epidemiology

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2
Q

Unexpected INCREASE IN THE NUMBER of DISEASE CASES in a SPECIFIC geographical area.

A

Epidemic

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3
Q

Disease outbreak that SPREADS ACROSS COUNTRIES or continents

A

Pandemic

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4
Q

A disease outbreak when it is consistently present but LIMITED TO A PARTICULAR REGION

A

Endemic

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5
Q

What is the goal of epidemiology

A

The ultimate goal is to use this knowledge control and PREVENT THE SPREAD OF DISEASE

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6
Q

Used to test hypothesis, require more resources and specialized knowledge

A

Analytical studies

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7
Q

Examine patterns of occurrence. Focus on place, person and time. Use relatively accessible data

A

Descriptive studies

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8
Q

It is the number of events in a given population over a specific period or at a guven point in time

A

Rates

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9
Q

The average annual number of births during a yr per 1000persons in the population at the mid yr

A

Crude birth rate

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10
Q

The number of new cases of a disease in a population at risk in a given time period

A

Incidence rate

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11
Q

The total number of cases of disease existing in a population

A

Prevalence rate

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12
Q

The proportion of those who became ill after specified exposure

A

Attack rate

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13
Q

The proportion of persons with a particular condition who die from that condition. The denominator is the number of incident cases; the numerator is the number of cause specific deaths among those cases

A

Case fatality rate

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14
Q

A policy which means thata even if a community has no reported case of any of the notifiable diseases or events, the health workers still have to report it as “zero case*

A

Zero cause reporting

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15
Q

It measure of the burden of disease and it reflects to the total amount of healthy life lost

A

DISABILITY ADJUSTED LIFE YEARS (DALYs)

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16
Q

Refers to the number of years a person lives

A

Life span

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17
Q

Refers to the number of yrs a person is EXPECTED TO LIVE from a specified starting point

A

Life expectancy

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18
Q

Field health service information system or FHSIS is example of

A

Surveillance report

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19
Q

A method of gathering any type of information or data from a sample of individuals. By sample it is a meant that the data is only taked from a portion of the total population under study

A

Surveys

20
Q

It is counting of data gathered from the entire population. It is a regularly occurring aand official count of the human population of a certain local administrative unit

A

Census

21
Q

According to bandura people’s behaviour are driven by external factos and not by inner factors

A

Behaviour change

22
Q

It suggests that behaviour is dependent on one’s intention to perform the behaviour

A

Theory of planned behaviour

23
Q

Determinants of intention

A

-individuals attitude
- subjective norms
- individual’s perceived behavioural control

24
Q

The stage in which people are not intending to make a change in the near future (often defined as the next 6 months)

A

Precontemplation

25
Q

The stage where people intend to change(withtin the next 6months). People in this stage are aware of the pros of changing but also can identify the cons

A

Contemplation

26
Q

Represents the stage where people have a plan of action and intend to take action in the immediate future

A

Preparation

27
Q

The stage in which people make the behaviour change

A

Action

28
Q

Represents the stage where people work to prevent relapse

A

Maintenance

29
Q

Represents that stage where individuals have 100 percent efficacy and will maintain their behaviour. This is the most difficult to maintain. So many people remain a life time in maintenance

A

Termination

30
Q

Increasing awareness of the causes(providing educational materials, confrontation, media campaigns, feedback, etc)

A

Consciousness-raising

31
Q

Producing an emotional experience which is followed by a reduced affect is some action can be taken (personal testimonies, media campaigns, drama)

A

Dramatic relief

32
Q

Inviting individuals to make cognitive and emotional assesments of their self image(clarify values, provide healthy models, using imagery)

A

Self re evaluation

33
Q

Assessments of how the presence or absence of a behaviour might impact one’s social environment( documentaries, personal stories, family interventions)

A

Environmental re evaluation

34
Q

A danger or a harmful event of which people may or may not be aware

A

Threat

35
Q

Emotional arousal caused by perceiving as significant and personally relevant threat

A

Fear

36
Q

Perception that a recommended response will prevent the threat from happening

A

Response efficency

37
Q

An individuals perception of or confidence in their ability to perform a recommended response

A

Barriers

38
Q

Positive consequences of performing recommended response

A

Benefits

39
Q

What an individual thinks other people think they should do

A

Subjective norms

40
Q

An individuals evaluation of beliefs about a recommended response

A

Attitudes

41
Q

An individuals plans to carry out the recommended response

A

Intentions

42
Q

External or internal factors that help individuals make decisions abbout a response

A

Cues to action

43
Q

When and individual reacts against a recommended response

A

Reactance

44
Q

An individuals plans to carry out the recommended response

A

Intentions

45
Q

External or iternal factors that help individuals make decisions about the response

A

Cues to action

CPH (2 decks)

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