Epidemiology & Aetiology Flashcards
Definition of epidemiology
The study of how often disease occur in different groups of people and why
Name the 3 types of epidemiology
Descriptive, analytical and experimental
Descriptive epidemiology meaning
Retrospective analysis of the relationship between the disease and aetiology factors
Analytical epidemiology
The study of the relationship between risk factors and development of diease
Experimental epidemiology definition
Observing the effects of controlling relevant suspected factors
What is the meaning of incidence rate
Total number of new cases occurring over a given period of time among a given number of people
Prevalence rate meaning
The number of cases of a particular disease existing at a given point in time
Crude death rate
Number of deaths during a given time period
Age specific death rate formula
Number of death In a specific age group/ mean population of that age group x 100,000
Standard mortality rate formula
Observed number of death / expected number of death x 100
Crude survival rate definition
number of patients alive for a given number of years (n) after treatment only valid if all patients have been followed-up for the specified number of years
Actuarial survival rate
more commonly used if some patients have been followed-up for a shorter time often because they have died due to other non-cancer-related conditions
Age corrected survival formula
Crude survival rate/ expected n year survival rate in Same sex and age
Name the 3 types of carcinogens with examples
Physical- UV
chemical - tobacco smoke
Biological - Bacteria
Cancer risk factors
Diet
Alcohol
Sexual behaviour
Sun exposure
Chemicals
